A new record species of Sillago sinica (Gao and Xue,201 1 )was documented based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding,which was collected from Jinjiang and Xiamen coastal waters during November 2013 to February 2014.In the past,the slight morphological variations between Sillago species were considered as re-gional variations.So the right descriptions of morphological characters are preliminary necessary in the present stud-y.The diagnostic characters of S.sinica are as following:small dark dense spots on 1 st dorsal fin,sparse down the fin;3 or 4 rows of clear dusky spots on fin membrane of 2nd dorsal fin;6 or 7 scales above lateral line;vertebrae 37 ~39.Combining some congener sequences of COI gene from GenBank,two S.sinica individuals collected from Fujian coastal waters were clustered with the neotype and separated from other species.Divergence can been found based on the genetic differences in amino acids and distance between groups.All results also indicate that DNA barcode is an effective molecular marker for identifying Sillago species.Based on researches and previous reports, we can find that S.sinica distributes in estuarine and coastal area,southward to Gwangyang,Korea,northward to Xiamen,China.All results provide a guarantee for Sillago species classification and distribution in China.Howev-er,due to low stock of S.sinica,it fails to support fishery production in the seas.%本研究报道了在福建省晋江和厦门近海采集到的新记录种---中国！，将其分布区向南延伸至福建省沿海，并对采集到的中国！进行形态特征的重新描述，及扩增其DNA条形码．中国！的主要鉴别特征为：第一背鳍鳍膜具不规则的、呈弥散状的黑色斑点，由前往后逐渐稀疏；第二背鳍沿鳍条具3～4行规则的黑色斑点；侧线上鳞数为6～7；脊椎骨数为37～39．结合GenBank中！属鱼类的同源序列进行比对研究，结果显示本研究采集到的中国！与中国！模式种聚类到一起，并与其余种类明显分开，在遗传距离和氨基酸水平上与其他种类产生了明显地分化，进一步证明了DNA条形码能高效快速的鉴别！属鱼类．本研究为！属鱼类分类与研究提供理论基础，通过调查发现中国！主要分布在有大量淡水注入的河口区，南至韩国光阳沿海，北至中国福建省沿海，数量较少并不能形成渔汛．
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