[Objective] The aim was to analyze one cold wave weather process in Chengdu in March in 2010. [ Method] Based on the NCEP 1° × l°6h interval reanaiysis data and daily observation data, using synoptic analysis and diagnosis methods, and combining with the cold wave forecast index in Spring of Sichuan, a cold wave event covering the whole region between March 21 and 24, 2010 was analyzed from the aspects of circulation background, influencing weather systems and weather causation. [ Result] Results showed that the 500 high - altitude cold vortex, 700 -850 hPa low layer shear, and ground cold front were the main systems that influenced this cold wave; there was a ridge from Lake Balkhash across Lake Baikal at 500hPa . The early stage of the process was controlled by the high pressure ridge and the temperature was increasing obviously. The daily mean temperature was high. The range of cold high pressure was large and the central intensity was 1 043.0 hPa; the cold air was strong and deep which corresponded with the strong surface temperature decreasing center. The strong north airstream of Lake Balkhash to Baikal Lake, ground cold high pressure center intensity changes, north and south ocean pressure and temperature difference, 850 hPa temperature changes, cold advection movement route and intensity were considered as reference factors for the forecast of cold wave intensity. [ Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for improving the forecast ability of cold wave weather.%[目的]分析2010年3月成都一次寒潮天气过程.[方法]利用NECP 1°×1°的6h分析资料和常规观测等资料,应用天气学分析和诊断方法,从前期环流背景、冷空气路径和预报着眼点等方面,对2010年3月21 ～24日成都地区出现的一次寒潮天气过程进行了分析.[结果]500高空冷槽、700～850 hPa低层切变、地面冷锋是此次寒潮主要影响系统；500 hPa巴尔克什湖至贝加尔湖为一脊区,过程前期受高压脊影响,前期增温明显,日平均气温较高；地面冷高压范围大,中心强度达1 043.0 hPa;冷空气强而深厚,与地面强降温中心相对应；冷空气从新疆经河套到陕甘的西风路径再折向沿东北回流路径进入四川盆地.巴尔克什湖至贝加尔湖强偏北气流、地面冷高压中心强度变化情况、南北海压差和温差、850 hPa温度变化、冷平流移动路径以及强度等可作为预报寒潮强度的参考因子.[结论]该研究为提高对寒潮天气的预报能力提供理论依据.
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