滴灌带总有机碳迁移及其生物效应研究

摘要

[目的]研究滴灌带在使用中对水质的影响.[方法]从总有机碳(TOC)迁移及其生物毒性效应2个方面研究3种市售滴灌带TOC连续3个72 h周期的释放规律和72 h浸泡液时玉米、黄瓜、小白菜种子的根芽抑制效应及其发光茵综合毒性.[结果]3种滴灌带浸泡液TOC含量较空白有明显增加,其中1#、3#管增加量分别为1.99和4.26 mg/L,超过相关标准中TOC增加量1mg/L的上限,且不同种类的PE滴灌带向水中迁移TOC的量和迁移速度随时间变化规律不同,但总体表现为前期迁移速度较快,迁移量达到峰值后退渐降低；3种滴灌带浸泡液对玉米、小白菜、黄瓜种子的生根发芽率及芽的生长没有明显的促进或抑制作用,只对小白菜种子根的生长具有极显著抑制作用；3种水样对发光菌发光率有不同程度的影响,其中1#和3#水样发光茵毒性分别相当于0.03、0.08 mg/L的HgCl2溶液,毒性规律和TOC含量测试所表现的规律相同.[结论]为促进滴灌技术的发展提供了参考.%[Objective] The effect of dripping irrigation on water quality was analyzed. [ Method] The releasing rule of total organic carbon (TOC) in 3 successive 72 hours'cycles of three marketing dripping irrigation belts was analyzed from the migration of TOC and biological toxic-ity efficiency and also the effect of 72 hours'soaked fluid on the inhibition to corn, cucumber and cabbage seed root and seedling growth and the complex toxicity of luminescent bacteria was researched. [ Result ] The result showed that content of TOC in the soaking liquid of three dripping irrigation belts was significantly increased compared with that of CK and the increasing amount of TOC in 1# and 3# tubing soaked fluid was 1.99 mg/L and 4.26 mg/L, respectively, which was higher than 1mg/L of the related standard. The migration quantity and speed of TOC in different types of PE dripping irrigation belts was various with time-changing, and in general, the previous migration speed of TOC was relevantly rapid and gradually reduced after it reached to the maximum value. The soaked fluid of three types of dripping irrigation belts did not show the obviously inhibition and promotion to germination of corn, cucumber and cabbage seed and their seedling growth but the significant inhibition to root growth of cabbage. The water samples in three different pipes had the inhibition to the light-emitting rate of luminescent bacteria at varying degrees, among which, the toxicity of luminescent bacteria of 1# and 3# was equivalent to 0.03 mg/L and 0.08 mg/L of HgCl2 solution and the testing result indicated that the toxicity rule was similar to the content of TOC. [ Conclusion] The reference for the development of dripping irrigation technique was provided.