西北太平洋热带气旋累积气旋能量时空特征分析

摘要

利用1949～ 2011年CMA-STI热带气旋(TC)最佳路径数据集,分析了西北太平洋各个等级热带气旋累积气旋能量(ACE)的时空分布特征.结果表明,各等级热带气旋ACE的年际时间序列中,热带风暴(TS)一直呈现缓慢发展趋势,其他等级则经历数个峰值,但其趋势不同；各等级热带气旋的平均ACE的年际时间序列中,热带风暴和台风(TY)呈现先减小、再增加、又减小的趋势,强热带风暴(STS)则呈缓慢增长的趋势,强台风(STY)则呈现10年左右的周期变化,而超强台风(SuperTY)则主要呈下降趋势.各月ACE分布中,TS、STS、TY、STY 4个等级的热带气旋均在9月达最大值,SuperTY在9月达最大值.TS、STS、TY的ACE空间分布的高频中心位于南海,STY和SuperTY的高频中心位于125°～135°E、15° ～25°N的区域.%The best track data of tropical cyclones provided by the Shanghai Typhoon Institute (STI) over the western North Pacific including the South China Sea from 1949 to 2011 were employed to analyze the temporal-spatial variations of accumulated cyclone energy ( ACE) of tropical cyclones with different intensities. In the time series of ACE in different TC intensities, ACE of TS intensity slowly increased, while others reached several peaks, and they didn' t arrive at the same time. In the time series of average ACE in different TC intensities, ACE of TS and TY intensities first strengthened, and then weakened, and strengthened at last. ACE of STS intensity slowly increased. ACE of STY had a cycle of about ten years while ACE of SuperTY' mainly weakened. In the time series of monthly ACE in different TC intensities, ACE of TS, STS, TY and STY reached peak in August, while SuperTY was in September. The high-frequency centers of ACE about STY and SuperTY in spatial variations were both located in the region 125° - 135°E, 15° -25°N, while the high-frequency centers of ACE about TS, STS and TY intensities in spatial variations were located in the South China Sea.