蕨菜孢子无菌繁殖研究

摘要

[Objective] To explore the best cultural method of sterile propagation of Pteridium aquilinum spores.[Method] Effects of disinfection way,GA3 concentration,illumination,temperature, inorganic salt and sucrose concentration on P.aquilinum spore germination, prothallus growth, prothallus proliferation and young sporophytes induction were studied.[Result] The best disinfection way of P.aquilinum spores was 5%NaClO for 5 mins.In the medium containing 0.2 mg/L of GA3, the spores germinated significantly faster,which was 13 days earlier than control group, the heart-shaped prothallus appeared 10 days in advance.MS was the best medium for germination of P.aquilinum spores.The optimal temperature range for germination was 20~25 ℃, and heart-shaped prothallus formed only in adequate light.The most suitable concentration of inorganic salt and sucrose for multiplication medium of P.aquilinum prothallus were MS and 1%, in which the proliferation coefficients were 79.1 and 88.3 respectively.Hormone KT was beneficial for forming the spores of P.aquilinum and its optimal concentration for medium was MS+ KT 0.2 mg/L, in which the number of leaves was up to 4.6, and spores first appeared on the 35th day after inoculation.[Conclusion]This results provide a theoretical basis for industrial rapid propagation system of P.aquilinum.%[目的] 探讨蕨菜孢子无菌繁殖的最佳培养方法.[方法] 以蕨菜孢子为材料,研究消毒方式、赤霉素(GA3)浓度、光照和温度、无机盐和糖浓度对孢子萌发、原叶体发育、原叶体增殖、幼孢子体诱导的影响.[结果] 5%NaClO溶液消毒5 min为蕨菜孢子最佳消毒方式;在含有0.2 mg/L GA3的培养基上,孢子萌发速度明显提高,比CK提前13 d,心形原叶体出现时间也提前10 d;MS是蕨菜孢子萌发的最佳培养基,蕨菜孢子萌发温度最好在20~25 ℃,心形原叶体必须在光照条件下才能形成;蕨菜原叶体增殖最适培养基是MS,此时增殖系数达79.1;蕨菜原叶体增殖培养基最适糖浓度为1%,此时增殖系数是88.3;KT激素有利于蕨菜孢子体形成,最佳培养基为MS+ KT 0.2 mg/L,叶片最多(4.6个),孢子体出现时间最短(35 d).[结论] 该研究结果可为蕨菜产业化快繁体系建立提供理论依据.