牙鲆微卫星标记遗传连锁图谱的构建

摘要

For carrying out molecular marker or gene assistant selective breeding in Japanese flounder cultivation, and increasing commercial production of Japanese flounder, we used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to construct the primary linkage map in a family of Japanese flounder in China. One thousand novel microsatellite markers for Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were selected randomly from a microsatellite-enriched library constructed by genome sequencing for designing primers. The genetic linkage map with SSR markers in Japanese flounder was constructed using 2009 established No. 10 families as mapping population with the JoinMap4.0 software. Both of the male and female maps were formed by 24 linkage groups. The female map has 212 markers with a total length of 1 320.4 cM, 77.7% coverage. The male map has 198 markers with a total length of 1 361 cM, 76.1% coverage. The length of each linkage group varied from 9.3 to 11.6.1cM and the maker number in these linkage groups was from 3 to 21. However, The distribution of SSR markers in each linkage group was not even and high density region of markers existed on linkage group 1, 3 and 8. The improved genetic linkage maps are very useful for QTL analyses and marker assisted selection (MAS) breeding programs in Japanese flounder.%为了实现分子标记或基因辅助育种在牙鲆养殖中成功运用,并快速提高牙鲆产量,使用微卫星标记首次构建了国内第一张牙鲆遗传连锁图谱.采用基因组测序的方法,筛选出大量微卫星序列,从中随机挑选1 000条序列设计合成引物,利用2009年建立的第10号家系为作图群体,使用JoinMap4.0软件,构建了牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)SSR标记遗传连锁图谱.雌雄图谱分别由24个连锁群组成,其中雌性图谱标记212个,总长度1 320.4 cM,覆盖率为77.7％；雄性图谱标记198个,总长度1361 cM,覆盖率为76.1％.每个连锁群长度变动在9.3～116.1 cM之间,连锁群上的标记数在3～21个之间.各连锁群上的SSR标记并不是均匀分布的,其中1、3和8号连锁群存在标记密集区.该图谱能够进行初步的QTL定位分析和基因定位相关研究,为开展牙鲆基因和QTL的精细定位及分子标记辅助育种(MAS)等提供更有效的依据.