某陶瓷厂噪声作业工人听力损失的调查分析

摘要

目的 研究陶瓷厂噪声对作业人员听力的影响.方法 采用丹麦GST-68型纯音听力计,测定82例接触噪声工人(噪声组)和48例非接触噪声工人(对照组)的听力.结果 测定18个噪声点,噪声强度平均(85.7±6.6)dB(A)[71.4～95.2 dB(A)],其中有15个点超标,超标率88.3％.噪声组听力损失检出率51.22％,明显高于对照组(10.42％),差异有极显著性(P＜0.01).接触噪声工龄＜3年、3～5年、＞6年组听力损失检出率分别为16.67％、77.14％和81.82％,听力损失检出率随接触噪声工龄的增加而升高,差异有极显著性(P＜0.01).结论 陶瓷企业噪声引起作业工人听力损失,应做好预防工作.%Objective To study the effect of noise to the hearing loss of the workers exposed to noise in a ceramic plant.Methods The hearing examination in 82 noise exposed workers (noise exposed group) in a ceramic plant and 48 non-exposed personnel (control group) were determined by model GST-68 pure tone audiometer made in Denmark.Results 18 points of noise intensities were detected and average noise intensity was( 85.7 ± 6.6 )dB(A) and 15 points (88.3％) exceeded the national occupational exposure limits.The incidence rate of hearing loss in the noise exposed group was 51.22％,significantly higher than that in control group (10.42％,P＜0.01).The duration of noise exposure ＜ 3 years,3years ～ 6 years、＞ 6 years were 16.67％,77.14％ and 81.82％ respectively.The incidence rate of hearing loss seemed to be increased gradually with duration of noise exposure increasing ( P＜0.01 ).Coneluusion The hearing loss abnormality could be caused by exposure to noise in the ceramic enterprises,precautions and measurements should be implemented.