针对性心理护理在急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后中的应用效果

摘要

目的 探究针对性心理护理在急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后中的应用效果.方法 选取2014年2月至2017年1月于本院行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的急性心肌梗死患者96例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各48例.对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予针对性心理护理;采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、生存质量量表(SF-36)对患者心理状态和生活质量进行评价,采用Morisky测评表对患者服药依从性进行评价,比较两组护理效果.结果 护理后,两组SCL-90各因子分明显降低(均P＜0.05),其中观察组强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子分为(1.56±0.31)分、(1.45±0.22)分、(1.73±0.58)分、(1.71±0.55)分、(1.43±0.22)分、(1.66±0.35)分、(1.47±0.31)分、(1.53±0.37)分,显著低于对照组的(1.69±0.32)分、(1.64±0.25)分、(2.47±0.43)分、(2.21±0.51)分、(1.55±0.29)分、(1.83±0.42)分、(1.60±0.32)分、(1.68±0.34)分(均P＜ 0.05).护理后,两组SF-36各项目得分明显上升(均P＜0.05),且观察组RP、RE、PF、VT、MH、BP、SF、GH得分为(71.79±9.64)分、(62.30±8.24)分、(70.45±7.32)分、(71.13±6.68)分、(70.44±3.86)分、(74.71±4.60)分、(69.08±7.41)分、(69.57±5.46)分,显著高于对照组的(53.21±7.56)分、(43.47±7.73)分、(61.96±7.19)分、(63.09±6.21)分、(63.48±4.40)分、(67.37±4.15)分、(62.17±7.73)分、(62.30±6.10)分(均P＜0.05).观察组服药总依从率为93.75％,高于对照组的77.08％ (P＜0.05).观察组护理中并发症发生率为8.33％,明显低于对照组的27.08％ (P＜0.05).结论 针对性心理护理能有效缓解AMI患者负性情绪,提高服药依从性,降低并发症发生率,改善生活质量.%Objective To study the effect of targeted psychological nursing care for patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods 96 patients with AMI after taking PCI at our hospital from February,2014 to January,2017 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,48 cases for each group.The control group were routinely cared;in addition,the observation group were given targeted psychological nursing care.SCL-90 and SF-36 were used to evaluate the patients'psychological status and quantity of life.Morisky test was used to evaluate the drug compliance of the patients.Results The scores of SCL-90 in the two groups were significantly lower after the nursing care (all P＜0.05).The scores of obsessive-compulsive,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror,paranoid ideation,and psychoticism in the observation group were (1.56 ± 0.31),(1.45 ± 0.22),(1.73 ± 0.58),(1.71 ± 0.55),(1.43 ±0.22),(1.66 ± 0.35),(1.47 ± 0.31),and (1.53 ± 0.37),which were lower than those in the control group [(1.69±0.32),(1.64±0.25),(2.47±0.43),(2.21±0.51),(1.55±0.29),(1.83±0.42),(1.60±0.32),and (1.68±0.34)] (all P ＜0.05).The scores of SF-36 in the two groups were significantly increased after the nursing care (all P＜0.05).The scores of RP,RE,PF,VT,MH,BP,SF,and GH in the observation group were(71.79±9.64),(62.30±8.24),(70.45±7.32),(71.13±6.68),(70.44±3.86),(74.71±4.60),(69.08±7.41),and (69.57±5.46),which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(53.21±7.56),(43.47±7.73),(61.96±7.19),(63.09±6.21),(63.48±4.40),(67.37±4.15),(62.17±7.73),and (62.30±6.10)] (all P＜0.05).The drug compliance rate in the observation group was 93.75％,which was higher than that of the control group (77.08％) (P ＜0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was 8.33％,which was significantly lower than that of the control group (27.08％) (P＜0.05).Conclusions Targeted psychological nursing care can effectively relieve the negative emotions of AMI patients,improve their drug compliance,reduce the incidence of complications,and improve their quality of life.