釉基质蛋白促进牙周组织再生的研究进展

摘要

釉基质蛋白（EMP）可促进牙周膜细胞（PDLC）的增殖和多向分化能力。在EMP的作用下，PDLC中与合成细胞外基质功能相关的基因表达提高，PDLC的矿化和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性提高。EMP可促进骨髓基质干细胞（BMSC）成骨向分化，上调其成骨相关基因的表达，BMSC中的AKP活性提高。EMP通过上调连接蛋白-43和神经钙黏着蛋白等细胞间交流黏附因子增强成骨细胞分化。EMP可促进未成熟的成骨细胞聚集，这种聚集对连接蛋白-43和神经钙黏着蛋白上调有重要的作用，进一步提高了成骨细胞的分化和矿化活性。EMP可促进牙骨质形成，促进上皮细胞的增殖、活性和迁移。明确EMP的作用机制并利用机制调控产物，可为牙周组织缺损的临床治疗提供新的依据。%The proliferation and multi-directional differentiation ability of periodontal ligament cells(PDLC) can be promoted by enamel matrix proteins(EMP) and by the expression of genes related to the synthesis of extracellular matrix, mineralization of PDLC, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase(AKP). Similarly, the osteogenic differentiation, up regulation of the gene expression, and AKP activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can also be improved. Adhesion factors, such as connexin-43 and neural cadherin, could be upregulated by EMP to enhance the differentiation of osteoblasts. In addition, the aggregation of immature osteoblasts can be promoted by EMP, which plays an important role in the upregulation of connexin-43 and neural cadherin, and further increases the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts. Moreover, the formation of cementum and proliferation, activity, and migration of epithelial cells can also be improved by EMP. Results provide new theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of periodontal tissue defectsby discovering the mechanisms underlying EMP’s activity and the regulation of its products.