呼吸道合胞病毒感染的免疫应答效应

摘要

人呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)是婴幼儿毛细支气管炎的主要病原体,RSV感染是导致儿童以及老年人和免疫缺陷的成年人患病和死亡的主要原因.近来,越来越多的研究发现天然免疫应答以及炎症的异常调节是导致病毒感染后出现病理学效应的重要原因.被动免疫抗体能对感染起一定的预防作用,但自然感染RSV诱发的抗体水平的保护作用较差.RSV感染后机体的免疫应答仍需进一步研究,以加速相关疫苗及毛细支气管炎新疗法的研发.%Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a main pathogen of bronchiolitis in infants,and RSV infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children,the elderly and immunocompromised adults.Recent studies increasingly emphasize the innate immune responses and the dysregulation of inflammation as key factors in causing pathological effects of infection.The passive antibody can protect against infection,but the antibody levels induced by natural RSV infection are poorly protective.Improved understanding of human immune response to RSV infection continues to be needed in order to accelerate the development of vaccines and new treatments for bronchiolitis.