Objective To discuss the rapidity and accuracy of laboratory studies of three kinds of methods for identification of Clostridium difficile.Methods Selecting 118 ICU patients from April , 2014 to December , 2014.A total of 234 specimens were collected to conduct 24h and 48h culture studies.Then the results were identified and cultured , followed by a method of genetic testing stool samples DNA was extracted from B toxin detection.Then 48h culture samples test results were as reference value of 24h culture assays and Pcr toxin B gene amplification assay was done to evaluate the efficacy , main specificity , sensitivity , negative predictive value and positive predictive value.Results All specimens were cultured after 48h.Among 9 patients, a total of 10 copies of Clostridium difficile specimen culture were posi-tive, and the specimens positive rate was 4.27%.Clostridium infection rate was 7.62%.24h culture of effectiveness ratios were as follows:76.00%sensitivity and 100.00%specificity, 100.00%negative predictive value and 97.00%positive predictive value.Pcr efficacy tcdB gene amplification assay ratios were as follows:82.30%sensitivity and 99.15%specificity degree , 99.15%negative predictive value and 82.30%positive predictive value.Conclusion Pcr toxin B gene amplification assay has the shortest time , sensitivity and specificity are relatively high, 24h culture sensitivity is slightly lower , and it may lead to misdiagnosis;48h culture has the longest time , but it has the most reliable test results.%目的：探讨3种艰难梭菌实验室鉴定方法的快速性及准确性。方法收集2014－04～2014－12间广东省第二人民医院118例ICU患者共234份标本进行24 h和48 h培养研究。并对培养结果进行鉴定。通过基因检测的方法对大便标本提取的DNA进行B毒素检测。然后以48 h培养标本的检测结果作为参考值，对24 h培养检测法和Pcr扩增B毒素基因检测法进行效能的评价，主要有特异度、灵敏度、阴性预测值和阳性预测值。结果对所有标本培养48 h后，9例患者共计10份艰难梭菌标本培养呈阳性，标本阳性率为4.27％，梭菌的感染率为7.62％。24 h培养法的效能对比值分别为：灵敏度76.00％、特异度100.00％、阴性预测值100.00％和阳性预测值97.00％；Pcr扩增tcdB基因检测法的效能对比值分别为：灵敏度82.30％、特异度99.15％、阴性预测值99.15％和阳性预测值82.30％。结论 Pcr扩增B毒素基因检测法用时最短，灵敏度和特异度均相对较高，24 h培养法灵敏度略低，可能导致漏诊，48 h培养法用时最长，但检测结果最可靠。
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