目的:分析统计我院门诊抗菌药物使用情况,为推动全院合理应用抗菌药物提供理论依据.方法:根据医院信息系统的统计数据,对2013年至2015年我院门诊处方中抗菌药物使用情况进行分析研究;并对每年的抗菌药物处方抽取其中的10％进行处方分析.结果:门诊处方的抗菌药物使用率分别为11.38％、10.58％、10.62％,急诊处方中抗菌药物使用率分别为23.34％、25.85％、21.92％,均符合卫生部规定的门诊比例小于20％,急诊比例小于40％的要求.对10301张抗菌药物处方的统计结果显示,门诊患者所用抗菌药物品种以头孢类口服品种为主,占总比例的85.34％,静脉滴注和肌肉注射所占比例较小,分别为12.61％和2.04％.各科室使用抗菌药物比例差异较大.外科普遍使用率较高,呼吸科、儿科以及感染科也是使用率排名较为靠前的科室.上述结果经处方点评系统分析显示抗菌药物各种使用不合格率共达5.85％.结论:本院抗菌药物选用品种及使用比例等方面基本合理,但个别科室仍存在一些由经验用药引起的不合理问题,这表明门诊处方中抗菌药物的使用仍需进一步加强使用管理.%Objective:To analyze the conditions of antimicrobial drugs use in outpatient department and to provide the theoretical basis for rational use of antibiotics in the hospital. Method:This research was based on data collected on drug prescriptions from the hospital information system. The use of antimicrobial agents in the outpatient department was analyzed from 2013 to 2015. Ten percent of yearly antibiotic prescriptions were included in the analysis. Result:The results for antibiotic usage for the three year period were as follow:the outpatient department was 11.38％, 10.58％ and 10.62％ respectively,while the emergency department was 23.34％, 25.85％ and 21.92％ respectively. Our findings were consistent with the ministry of health recom-mendations;however, the proportion of the outpatient department was less than 20％,whereas the percentage of the emergency department was not up to 40％. As regards the prescription of 10301 antibacterial drugs,oral cephalosporin was found to be the main medicine used by OPD patients and it accounted for a hefty 85.34％ of the total prescriptions. By contrast, intravenous infusions ( 12. 61％) and intramuscular injections ( 2. 04％) were less prescribed in the OPD. Finally, the proportion of antimicrobial agents use was found to be different in various departments, with the surgical department having the highest prescription rate. Similarly, the respir-atory, pediatric and infectious diseases departments were among the departments who used most antibiotics. These results were based on systematic analysis of reviewed antibiotic prescriptions, and the error margin for the calculation was 5.85％. Conclusion:In summary, it can be said that the selection of antimicrobial agents and the proportion of antibiotics used in the hospital were reasonable, although, there were still some unrea-sonable problems caused by empirical use of antibiotics in individual departments. All said and done, the pre-scription of antimicrobial agents in outpatient department still need further strengthening to effectively manage their use.
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