果胶酶预处理辅助提取沉香精油研究

摘要

为提高沉香精油的提取得率并缩短提取时间,利用单因素法研究不同果胶酶预处理条件对沉香精油提取的影响.结果表明,当果胶酶预处理温度为60℃、质量分数为2％、预处理时间为5h时,沉香精油的提取得率达21.33％,与未进行预处理的提取工艺相比,提取得率增加了11.05％,果胶酶预处理可提高沉香精油提取得率.利用气质联用色谱检测预处理后沉香精油的主要化学成分,结果表明果胶酶预处理辅助提取沉香精油提高了精油得率,同时保留了精油纯度,具有良好的应用前景.沉香精油提取后残渣的主要化学成分测定结果表明,综纤维素质量分数为73.26％、木质素质量分数为20.98％、灰分质量分数为0.23％.研究结果可为精油提取后残渣利用提供基础数据.%The pectinase pretreatment of agarwood was optimized including temperature,time,and pectinase dosage by using single factor test.The compositions of extracted essential oil from the agarwood before and after the pretreatment were determined by gas chromatography-msaa spectrometer to investigate the effect of the pretreatment.The xylem structure of the agarwood after pretreatment was observed by scanning electron microscope.The chemical composition of extraction residue was also analyzed.The optimum conditions were determined as enzymolysis temperature of 60℃C,time of 5 h,and pectinase dosage of 2％,at which the yield of essential oil from the agarwood reached 21.33％ and increased 11.05％ compared with that without the pretreatment.The effective chemical components of essential oil remained the same after the pretreatment.The results from scanning electron microscope showed that the pectinase pretreatment destroyed the pits on agarwood cell wall,which could improve the extraction of essential oil.The results of chemical analysis showed that extraction residue had holocellulose content of 73.26％,lignin content of 20.98％ and ash content of 0.23％.