超声波处理对磷脂酶脱除菜籽油中磷脂的影响

摘要

研究酶解时间、酶添加量、含水量、pH值、酶解温度、多频超声波频率及组合,超声波功率和超声处理时间对菜籽毛油脱胶效果的影响.利用单因素试验对菜籽毛油超声辅助酶解脱胶工艺进行优化.优化的工艺条件为:磷脂酶A1用量为90 μL/kg毛油,pH值为4.8,酶解反应温度为40℃,含水量为2 %,超声功率为180 W,超声频率为20/50 kHz,超声时间为60 min.经多模式超声波辅助磷脂酶解脱胶后菜籽油磷脂含量为4.36 mg/kg,达到国家标准(≤10 mg/kg)的要求.该研究可为菜籽油酶法脱胶工业生产提供一定的理论参考.%Taking crude rapeseed oil as raw material, the optimization experiments of phospholipase degumming were conducted by single factor orthogonal methods.The optimization conditions of multi-frequency ultrasound assisted phospholipase enzymatic hydrolysis degumming were as follows:the phospholipase amount was 90 μL/kg crude rapeseed oil,pH was 4.8,enzymolysis temperature was 40℃,the water content of crude rapeseed oil was 2 %,the ultrasonic power was 180 W,ultrasonic frequency was 20/50 kHz,ultrasonic time was 60 min.The experiment of the optimization process showed that the phospholipids residual content of rapeseed oil was 4.36 mg/kg.The phospholipids residual content of rapeseed oil meet the national requirements of the standard 10 mg/kg the following requirements.This research would provide some theoretical references for the rapeseed oil refining industries.