山桐子油的超临界CO2萃取工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析

摘要

为了充分利用山桐子资源,采用单因素试验和 Box-Be-hnken 试验设计优化山桐子油的超临界 CO 2萃取工艺,运用气相色谱—质谱(GC—MS)分析山桐子油的脂肪酸组成。结果表明：超临界 CO 2萃取山桐子油的优化工艺条件为萃取时间147 min,萃取温度53℃,萃取压力24 MPa；在该条件下,山桐子油得率为(38.25±0.41)%。山桐子油得率和影响因素间的回归模型极显著(P=0.0009)。GC—MS 结果表明,山桐子油主要由不饱和脂肪酸组成,不饱和脂肪酸含量为81.33%,亚油酸含量为71.43%。山桐子油是一种优质的食用油资源,超临界 CO 2可以高效萃取山桐子油。%To make full use of Idesia polycarpa resource,the opti-mum conditions of extracting oil in I .Polycarpa by supercritical CO 2 were studied by single factor and Box-Behnken designs,and the fatty acid composition of this oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).The results showed that the yield of the oil in I .polycarpa extracted by supercritical CO 2 was (38.25±0.41)%,when extracted at 24 MPa and 53 ℃ for 147 min.Moreover,the regression model between yield and influence factors was very significant (P=0.000 9).In addition,the results of GC-MS showed that the total content of unsaturated fatty acid in the oil was 81 .33%,and that of linoleic acid was 71 .43%.In conclusion, the oil extracted from I .polycarpa is an edible oil resource with high quality,and could be efficiently extracted by using supercritical CO 2 .