超级电容器改进模型及其均压策略研究

摘要

This paper presented an advanced supercapacitor model, which consisted of four subcircuits including the instantaneous one, short-time one, long-time one and the self-discharge one. The inlfuence of the temperature and the terminal voltage on the supercapacitor operating characteristics was taken into consideration, to be able to accurately describe the nonlinear feature of charging and discharging process and the voltage recovery characteristics. On the basis of monomer model, based on the control idea and equalizing strategy of single lfying capacitor, this paper designed the advanced voltage model equalizer circuit of energy storage module and the supercapacitor bank equalizing voltage control circuit. The simulation results show that the single lfying capacitor decreases the voltage difference between supercapacitors in series and raises the consistency of voltage to obtain good equalizing voltage effectiveness.%提出了一种超级电容器改进模型，该模型由瞬时、短时、长时以及自放电4条支路组成，并考虑温度、端电压对超级电容器特性的影响，可准确反映冲放电过程中的非线性以及电压自恢复特性。在单体模型的基础上，基于单飞渡电容控制思路和均压策略，设计了储能模块的电压改进模型均衡电路和超级电容器组均压控制电路。仿真结果表明，单飞渡电容法减小了串联超级电容器之间的电压差，提高了电压一致性，取得了良好的均压效果。