基于首都大学生成长跟踪调查数据(2010)，本文通过实证分析证明了父母的政治资本和人力资本可以显著地提高子女的深造意愿，父母的职业地位和受教育程度越高，子女大学毕业后继续深造的意愿也越强烈。本文采用偏差校正的非参数百分位Bootstrap中介效应检验法验证了父母政治资本通过学校资源、专业资源和家庭经济资本的中介作用间接提升了子女深造意愿，同时子女自身人力资本和家庭经济资本中的消费支出也是父母人力资本影响子女深造意愿的中介，而家庭收入在父母人力资本对子女深造意愿的影响中起到了调节作用。此外，深造意愿的提升可以显著地提高大学毕业生进入公有部门的意愿，也会提高其对未来收入的预期。这些发现表明了父母政治资本和人力资本不但可以提升子女的深造意愿，而且这种影响效果会随着院校、专业档次和家庭收入的不同而变化，导致父母受教育水平越高或职业阶层越高，子女毕业后越倾向于继续深造，从而获得更多的教育机会，进而利于其毕业后进入较高的职业阶层并获得更高的收入，导致社会贫富差距“固化”现象的出现。因此加大对贫困学生家庭扶持，维护教育机会公平，缩小教育差距显得尤为重要。%We conducted an empirical analysis by using a survey carried out by Beijing College Students Panel (2010) and proved that parental political capital and human capital could significantly and positively influence children’s further study willingness. Using Bootstrap mediating effect method, we verified that parental political capital could indirectly improve children’s advanced study willingness through school resources, professional resources and family economical capital. And that parental human capital could also affect children’s study willingness through children’s own human capital and expenditure facet in family economical capital, coupled with family income’s regulating effect in this process. Moreover, children’s advanced study willingness would significantly impact people’s willingness to enter the public sector and their expectations of future incomes. These findings showed that parental political capital and human capital could improve children's study willingness, whose effect changed with school, major, and household income levels. Besides, we found that the higher the education level or the higher their professional stratum, parents enjoyed ,the more chances that their children got further study after graduation and gained higher professional stratum and more income in the future, leading to the solidification of social polarization. Therefore, we got the implication that it was important to increase our support for poor students, provide equal education and reduce educational disparity .
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