海岛棉与陆地棉激素诱导胚性愈伤组织的研究

摘要

以新疆主栽品种新海25号、新海16号、新陆早39号和新陆早42号下胚轴为外植体,通过不同浓度两种激素的4种组合进行诱导,获得了胚性愈伤组织,并进一步发育成苗,为拓宽海岛棉与陆地棉再生基因型和转基因研究奠定了基础.研究结果得出:所用的4种激素组合均能有效诱导愈伤组织；0.05 mg· L-1 2,4-D+0.1mg· L-1 KT为陆地棉愈伤组织最佳诱导条件,0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D+0.1 mg· L-1 KT为海岛棉愈伤组织最佳诱导条件；诱导出的愈伤组织继代于无激素且KNO3含量加倍的培养基中可产生胚性愈伤组织,铺滤纸有利于胚状体的成熟,并产生发达根系；陆地棉的分化速度和胚胎发生的速度快于海岛棉.4个品种在10～12个月内都成功得到再生苗.%The aim of this study was to induce embryogenic callus from various cultivars of cotton in tissue culture,so that a stable and efficient regeneration system could be developed to produce new cotton varieties for cultivation in Xinjiang.The explant materials were hypocotyls of the main cotton cultivars grown in Xinjiang,i.e.Xinhai 25,Xinhai 16,Xinluzao 39,and Xinluzao 42.We tested the effects of different combinations of two hormones (kinetin,KT; 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid,2,4-D) on induction of callus from these explants.Calli were produced by the explants under four different combinations of hormones in the media.The optimal hormone combination to induce callus from Gossypium hirsutum explants was 0.1 mg· L-1 KT + 0.05 mg· L-12,4-D,while that to induce callus from Gossypium barbadense explants was 0.1 mg· L-1 KT + 0.1 mg· L-1 2,4-D.Hormone-free medium and medium containing double to the normal concentration of KNO3 promoted the emergence of embryogenic callus.Filter paper placed under the medium promoted somatic embryo growth and regeneration of the root system.The differentiation and embryogenesis processes occurred more rapidly in G.hirsutum explants than those in G.barbadense explants.Using this protocol,normal plantlets of these cotton cultivars with strong roots were produced within 10 to 12 months.These methods could be used to increase the number of cotton genotypes that can be regenerated in tissue culture.