我院2010年某时间段医院内感染现患率调查分析

摘要

目的 了解我院医院内感染的基本情况,为进一步改进工作方法提供依据.方法 采用横断面调查方法对我院2010年11月3日所有住院患者进行医院内感染现患率调查,并进行统计分析.结果 实查住院患者285例,发生医院内感染11例,医院内感染现患率为3.86%;下呼吸道感染居首位,占72.73%,其次为皮肤软组织感染,占18.18%.抗菌药物使用率为44.21%,一联用药为49.21%,二联用药为48.41%,三联用药为2.38%.全院治疗性使用抗菌药物的细菌送检培养率为67.80%,检出医院内感染病原菌13株,包括铜绿假单胞菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、草绿色链球菌、白假丝酵母菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚菌等.结论 综合ICU、肿瘤内科、呼吸心内科为医院内感染高发科室,加强对以上科室的管理,提高病原菌送检率,正确、合理使用抗菌药物对降低医院内感染有非常重要的意义.%Objective To estimate the current situation about nosocomial infections (NI), and find possible approaches to improve measures.Methods A point-prevalence survey of NI in all inpatients was made on November 3, 2010.Results Of the 285 patients investigated, the prevalence rate of NI was 3.86％ ( 11 patients).In all of the NI, the common sites of NI were respiratory tract (72.73％) and skin soft tissue ( 18.18％ ).The daily dosage rate of antibiotics was 44.21％, single usage 49.21％, double antibiotics 48.41％, triple antibiotics 2.38％.The bacterial culture detection rate was 67.80％ in the patients receiving antibiotic treatment.13 strains of nosocomial pathogenic bacteria were detected, including pseudomonas aeruginosa, MRSA, streptococcus mitis, Candida albicans, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and other pathogens.Conclusion NI is high prevalence in ICU, Oncology Department, Respiratory Disease and Cardiology Department, so management in above - mentioned departments should be enhanced, and increasing pathogen detection rate and reasonable use of antibacterials can help to reduce prevalence rate of NI.