神府煤制备超细石墨粉

摘要

寻求来源广、价格低、纯度高的炭质原料是目前高性能石墨材料制备研究的一个重要方向。以陕北神府煤为原料，探讨了在高温及惰性气氛下，煤粉粒度、催化剂种类及添加量等因素对煤炭石墨化过程的影响，并通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜及拉曼光谱等技术对煤炭高温热处理产物进行了分析和表征。结果表明：当以低变质程度的神府煤为原料时，在2500℃、惰性气氛及一定催化剂存在的条件下，神府煤可以制备得到超细石墨粉；神府煤煤粉粒径越小，超细石墨粉的石墨化程度越高；氯化铁、硼酸等均可以作为神府煤高温石墨化的催化剂，并且当以硼酸作为催化剂，煤粉粒径D90<20μm时，由神府原煤可制得石墨化度为80.35%的超细石墨粉。%One of the most important orientations of preparation of high-performance graphite materials is to seek carbonaceous materials which have the properties of wide source, low cost and high purity. The influence of coal particle size and catalyst on the graphitization process of ultrafine Shenfu coal at 2500℃ under inert atmosphere was discussed. The degree of graphitization of the products was analyzed with XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The Shenfu coal could change to ultrafine graphite powder at 2500℃ under inert atmosphere, and the degree of graphitization of ultrafine graphite powder increased with decreasing particle size of the Shenfu coal. Furthermore, graphitization of the Shenfu coal with boric acid or ferric chloride as catalyst was compared, and the catalytic activity of boric acid was higher than that of ferric chloride. When the particle size (D90) of the Shenfu coal was smaller than 20μm, the degree of graphitizations of obtained ultrafine graphite powder from the Shenfu coal was 80.35%by using boric acid as catalyst.