Objective To establish the different degrees of rat diffuse axonal injury (DAI) model by using a self‐made DAI device .Methods A total of 70 healthy adult clean SD rats were selected and randomly divided into the normal control group (n=10) and DAI group (n=60) ,then the DAI group was randomly subdivided into the group A ,B ,and C ,20 cases in each group .The rat head injury model was prepared by using the self‐made experimental device ,which made the rat head to simultaneously produce instant oversized linear and angular accelerations ,different degrees of rat DAI model ,including mild DAI(group A) ,moderate DAI (group B) and severe DAI(group C) ,were induced by different rotation back and forth ,accelerated movement times under the con‐stant air pressure .The pathological and behavior effect evaluation was performed .Results With the injury degree aggravating ,the time interval of nerve physiological reflex recovery and awakening time in the acute DAI groups were increased (P<0 .05) .The nerve function score after 7 d in the DAI groups was decreased (P<0 .05);the death rates within 14 d after injury in the group A , B and C were 5 .0% ,25 .0% and 50 .0% respectively .With the injury degree aggravating ,the DAI pathological characteristics were more significant .Conclusion This device could effectively establish different injury degrees of DAI animal model .%目的：自制一种弥漫性轴索损伤（DAI）装置，建立不同程度的DAI动物模型。方法选取成年雄性清洁级SD大鼠70只，分为正常对照组（10只）与致伤组（60只），进一步将致伤组分为A、B、C3组，各20只。运用自制的实验装置致伤，使大鼠的头颅同时产生瞬间超大角加速度和线加速度，在恒定气压下通过不同的旋转往返加速运动次数，造成轻型（A组）、中型（B组）、重型（C组）3种不同程度的大鼠DAI损伤模型，进行行为及病理效应评价。结果随着损伤程度的加重，损伤急性期致伤组大鼠的神经生理反射恢复的时间间隔与苏醒时间均增加（P＜0．05），致伤7d后致伤组大鼠的神经功能评分降低（P＜0．05）；致伤后14d内A、B、C3组大鼠死亡率分别为5．0％、25．0％、50．0％。随着损伤程度的加重，DAI病理特征改变更为明显。结论该装置能有效建立不同损伤程度的DAI动物模型。
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