青少年冒险问卷——冒险行为量表在中学生中的信效度

摘要

Objective: To test the reliability and validity of Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire-Risk Behavior Scale (ARQ-RB) in middle school students. Methods: The sample 1 consisted of 1069 students selected from Jiangsu, Hebei, and Ningxia Province by convenience sampling. They were assessed with the ARQ-RB for item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency analysis and comparison of students by gender and age. The sample 2 consisted of 112 students chosen from grade 1 and grade 2 in junior niddle school of Ningxia Province after 6 months. They were assessed with the ARQ-RB to assess the testretest reliability. The sample 3 consisted of 2332 students selected from grade 1 in junior middle school to grade 3 in senior high school of Ningxia and Anhui Province 8 months ofter retest. They were assessed the ARQ-RB and the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale to test the criterion validity of ARQ-RB. Results: (1) The ARQ-RB comprised 17 items and reflected the hypothesized four-factor structure of thrill-seeking, rebellious risk, reckless risk and anti-social risk. The loadings of items ranged 0. 499 -0. 807, and could explain 53. 134％ of the total variance. The fit indices of the measurement were improved (x2/df=2.09, NNFI=0.93, CFI=0.94, RMSEA=0.049). (2) Except the factor of reckless behavior, the internal consistencies of factors and total questionnaire were 0. 53 -0. 81, and retest reliability was 0. 76. (3) Boys scored higher than girls in all factors and the total scores (Ps ＜ 0. 05). The rebellious behavior, anti-social behavior and the total scores in 18 -20 age group were higher than that in 12 - 14 age group and 15 -17 age group (Ps ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: The ARQ-RB has satisfactory reliability and validity, and it could be applied to the assessment of risk-taking behavior of Chinese adolescent.%目的:对青少年冒险问卷-冒险行为量表(ARQ-RB)在我国中学生中的信、效度进行检验.方法:采用方便取样.样本1为江苏、河北和宁夏初一至高三的1069名学生,施测ARQ-RB进行项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、内部一致性检验和不同性别、年龄学生间的评分比较.样本2为间隔半年后选取的宁夏初一、初二的112名学生,重测ARQ-RB,以评定重测信度.样本3为重测8个月后选取的宁夏和安徽初一到高三的2332名学生,施测ARQ-RB和简明感觉寻求量表(BSSS),以检验效标效度.结果:(1)ARQ-RB共17个项目,包括刺激寻求、鲁莽、叛逆和反社会4个维度.项目载荷在0.499-0.807之间,累计方差贡献率为53.13%,各项拟合指标良好(x2/df = 2.09,NNF1= 0.93,CFI = 0.94,RMSEA = 0.049);(2)ARQ-RB各维度(除鲁莽维度外)及总问卷的内部一致性Cronbach α系数在0.53-0.81,重测信度为0.76;(3)男生的ARQ-RB各维度得分及总分均高于女生,18-20岁青少年的叛逆、反社会维度分及总分均高于12-14岁和15-17岁青少年(均P<0.05).结论:修订后的青少年冒险问卷-冒险行为量表的多项测量学指标良好,可以对中国中学生的冒险行为进行测查.