目的:设计与制作一种主要用于防治下肢深静脉血栓形成的多功能血栓防治垫,该防治垫也可用于各类需抬高下肢的患者.方法:采用不生锈、质量轻、不易变形、易清洁的不锈钢材料,设计与制作多功能下肢静脉血栓防治垫的下肢垫体和按摩装置.下肢垫体高度可调节为16~30 cm,伸缩倾角可调节为30~70°,为不同身型患者提供上下、前后、倾斜角度调节;腿套内的6个独立气囊和气囊垫毯表层设置的管状循环水管,通过主机的电磁气泵和电磁水泵在设定的压力、时间和温度条件下实现对患肢的按摩和保暖.结果:该多功能防治垫能合理模拟人体天然肌肉泵的功能,通过主机电磁气泵的工作将压力气囊在设定时间周期内轮流充气、放气,形成阶梯递进压力变化,具有按摩患肢、调温保暖等功能.结论:该多功能下肢静脉血栓防治垫具有构造组合灵活、患者使用舒适等优点,解决了下肢静脉血栓患者机械辅助治疗使用过程中角度和高度固定、抗栓泵充气和放气时间恒定、无保暖调温的问题,值得在临床上推广应用.%Objective To design and manufacture a multifunctional cushion for venous thrombosis prevention of lower extremities, which can be also applied to the low extremities needing raising. Methods The cushion was made of anti-rust, low-weight, undeformable and easy-to-clean stainless material, which was composed of a pad and a massage apparatus. The pad had its height regulable from 16 to 30 cm and telescopic inclination from 30 to 70° to adapt the cushion to sizes of patients. There were 6 independent air chambers and tubular circulating pipes around the blanket wrapping the chambers so that extremity massage and temperature-controlled heating could be executed based on setting up pressure, time and temperature of the electromagnetic air and water pumps. Results The cushion simulated the functions of the muscle pump, which formed step-by-step-increasing pressure changes by driving the chambers to be inflated and discharged continuously to execute extremity massage, temperature-controlled heating etc. Conclusion The cushion gains advantages in flexible composition, patient comfort etc, solves the problems in fixing angle and height, constant time for pump inflation and discharge as well as temperature-controlled heating, and thus is worthy promoting clinically.
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