基于浸入式虚拟环境技术的景观空间尺度感教学模块构建与应用

摘要

尺度感教学是景观规划设计基础教学中的重要组成部分,本研究开发了基于浸入式虚拟环境技术的景观空间尺度感教学模块.介绍了这一教学应用程序的原理、开发、应用及教学效果,并应用这一模块评价学生的空间尺度感,及对不同尺度空间的感知.结果表明,这一教学模块可较为真实地模拟真实场景的空间特征,提供体验不同尺度室内外三维场景的机会,帮助训练准确的空间尺度感.分析表明参与学生对垂直高度的判断最准确,对使用者密度的估算最不准确.尺度感知方面,35m×50m及以上的广场有开阔感,4m左右的游步道宽度较为适中.对于广场与游步道,10m2/人的密度会觉得拥挤,15m2/人的密度较为适中.最后,讨论了这一教学模块的优点与不足,及浸入式虚拟沉浸技术为规划设计教学与实践带来的机遇与挑战.%Sense of scale is an important part in landscape architecture studio teaching.Based on immersive virtual environment technology,this study develops a landscape sense of scale teaching module.The article introduces the principle,development,application and teaching performance of the module,and illustrates how to evaluate students' sense of scale and their perceptions toward different spaces utilizing the module.The result indicates that this teaching module can simulate real environments effectively,and provides students with opportunities to experience different indoor and outdoor environments,thus improve their sense of scale.The analyses suggest that students have a relatively accurate sense of scale toward height,but did not do well in assessing users' density.In term of spatial perception,students feel open on the square larger than 35m×50m,and feel comfortable on the trail with width around 4 meters.For square and trail,students feel crowded when the density is 10m2 per person,but feel comfortable when the density is 15m2 per person.Finally,advantages and disadvantages of the module,as well as chances and challenges brought by the immersive virtual technology are discussed.