平地自然行走护士的步态特征和足底压力分布

摘要

背景:繁忙的工作和快速行走的严格要求势必造成护士足部压力增高,甚至引起足部疾病.目的:分析护士平地自然行走下的步态特征和足底压力分布.方法:采用比利时RSscan INTERNATIONAL 公司生产的足底压力分布测试系统对73 名护士进行动态足底压力测试.结果与结论:护士步态分析中足底压强、冲量、支撑时间数据分析一致:在自然步态下,护士足部最大压强部位在第2、3 跖骨区;足部最大冲量部位在前足;支撑期时间所占比例最大的是前足离地阶段;加上护士步速较快,足底压力相应增高,前足压力也随其增大.提示护士前足压力较高,易疲劳而发生运动损伤.因此,护士要科学的选择护士鞋或鞋垫,调整足底压力分布和足底冲量,加强对前足、特别是前足第2～3 跖骨区的保护,尽可能避免足部疲劳和损伤的发生.%BACKGROUND: The strict request with the busy work and fast walking would cause the nurse foot high pressure, and even cause foot diseases.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the natural gait feature and foot plantar pressure distribution of nurse walking on flat ground. METHODS: The dynamic foot plantar pressures of 73 nurses were tested by the Footscan system (Rsscan, Belgium). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The data among the foot plantar pressure, the impulse and the support time in nurse gait analysis were consistent. Under the nurse natural gait, the largest pressure part was the second and the third metatarsal; the biggest impulse of foot spot located in forefoot, the largest proportion of the support interval was forefoot push off phase. The walking speed of the nurse was fast, foot plantar pressure was high, and the pressure in the front foot was increased with the total foot pressure increasing, which indicated that the nurse forefoot would be fatigued easily and would be injured easily. Therefore, the nurse should choose the nurse's shoes or insoles scientifically to adjust foot plantar pressure distribution and impulse, and to strengthen the forefoot protection, especially to strengthen 2-3 metatarsal bone protection, and to avoid the foot fatigue and damage as far as possible.