粳稻穗角性状优异等位变异的挖掘

摘要

In order to mine elite alleles of panicle angle trait and their carrier varieties in japonica rice,association analysis between SSR loci and panicle angle trait was performed by using genotyping data of 151 SSR markers on a natural population composed of 95 japonica varieties (58 landraces and 37 cultivars) with the general linear model in software of TASSEL.Linkage disequilibrium and population structure were firstly analyzed for the population.Linkage disequilibrium at different levels was detected not only among syntenic markers but also among nonsyntenic ones.The cultivar population had a higher level of linkage disequilibrium than that of the landrace population.Genetic structure analysis showed that the natural population was composed of 6 subpopulations.Fifteen SSR loci associated with the trait were detected and located on 10 chromosomes except chromosomes 4 and 7.The markers RM7598,RM3700,RM311 and RM1125 each could explain more than 10％ of phenotypic variation.Twenty-three elite alleles and their typical carrier materials were further screened out.Of the seven typical carrier materials,Xiushui 04 and Xiushui 79 carried more elite alleles.%为了发掘控制粳稻穗角性状的优异等位变异和携带优异等位变异的载体材料,利用151个SSR标记对95份粳稻品种构成的自然群体进行了基因型鉴定,分析了SSR标记位点间连锁不平衡程度和群体结构,并采用TASSEL软件的一般线性模型对穗角性状与标记变异进行了关联分析.结果表明,151个标记的11 325种位点组合中,无论是共线还是非共线组合,都有一定程度的连锁不平衡存在,育成品种的连锁不平衡程度高于地方品种;自然群体由6个亚群组成;检测到了15个与穗角性状相关联的SSR标记,分布于除第4和第7以外的其余10条染色体上,其中,RM7598、RM3700、RM311和RM1125具有较大的表型变异解释率;并鉴定出23个控制穗角性状的优异等位变异以及7个携带这些优异等位变异的典型载体材料,其中,秀水04和秀水79携有较多的优异等位变异.