目的 研究我国新疆克拉玛依地区鼻炎患者的主要吸入性变应原及其分布特征.方法 对新疆克拉玛依地区1000例1～89岁的鼻炎患者进行8种吸入性变应原的皮肤点刺试验,根据患者年龄、合并疾病情况,将患者进行分组并比较分析各组患者的吸入性变应原分布情况以及对多重变应原同时过敏的情况.结果 在本地区的1000例鼻炎患者中,总阳性率为76.7%(767例),最主要的变应原是树木59.1%、黎属47.1%和蒿属44.0%.其中8～18岁患者中同时对多种变应原过敏的比例显著高于其他年龄段的患者(P<0.05);鼻炎合并哮喘的患者中,同时对多种变应原过敏的患者比例显著高于其它患有鼻炎但不合并哮喘的患者(P<0.05).结论 新疆克拉玛依地区变应性鼻炎患者中主要的吸入性变应原是树木、黎属和蒿属.多重过敏可能是该地区鼻炎患者发展成为鼻炎合并哮喘的危险因素之一.%Objective To investigate the major inhalant allergens and the distribution characteristics of that in allergic rhinitis in Karamay Methods Skin prick tests with 8 popular inhalant allergens had been performed in 1000 rhinitis patients aged 1-89 years old. The patients had been divided into several groups according to age or merging diseases, The positive rate, distribution characteristics of allergens and positive reactions to multiple allergens in allergic rhinitis patients had been analyzed and compared between groups. Results Of the 1000 patients, 767 patients (76.7%) had shown positive reaction to at least one allergen. The most popular inhalant allergens in allergic rhinitis were trees (59.1%), Papilionaceae Mucuna(47.1%) and Artemisia(44.0%). Patients aged 8-18 years had been mostly sensitive to multiple allergens and significantly different from other age groups (P<0.05).Similarly, allergic rhinitis with asthma were more sensitive to multiple allergens when compared with allergic rhinitis withuot asthma (P<0.05).Conclusions Trees, Papilionaceae Mucuna and Artemisia are the three major inhalant allergens in allergic rhinitis. Moreover, sensitive to multiple inhalant allergens is one of the possible risk factors in natural process of allergic rhinitis developing to allergic rhinitis with asthma.
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