为建立一种快速准确的油菜苗期耐淹性鉴定方法,对油菜种质资源进行耐淹试验.通过调查幼苗期湿害/渍害、半淹、全淹三种处理下的死苗率,发现全淹(没顶淹水)6d、排水后7d的相对死苗率可作为幼苗耐淹性鉴定指标.具体过程如下:选取饱满种子,置于铺有1层湿润滤纸的培养皿中,25℃处理36h,取正常发芽的种子均匀移栽到塑料杯里的潮湿土壤中,培养条件为光照10h 25℃、黑暗14h 20℃,生长36h;待幼苗子叶平展时,每杯留苗20株全淹6d,排水后7d调查死苗率.用此方法对50份油菜种质资源进行耐淹性鉴定,获得3个较耐淹材料和5个淹水敏感材料.与已知耐湿系数的材料相比,它们的耐淹特性在形态和生理上均得到验证,表明本文方法可行,具有快速、准确的优点.%To rapidly identify the waterlogging resistance of rapeseed, a death rate investigation method was established during the early seedling stage when cotyledons spread to the maximum sizes. Result showed that death rate on the 7th day of water - removing from 6d of full - submergence (6d - flood) could be a screening criterion. This new method was to generate seeds on wet tissue at 25 ℃ for 36h, and transplant seeds to soil and incubate for 36h under the condition of 10h of light at 25℃ and 14h of dark at 20℃. Each pot (20 seedlings in one pot) was full - submerged ( over the seedling top ) for 6d before the water was removed, and then the death rate was investigated on the 7th day. Using this method, 3 relative tolerant and 5 relative susceptible germplasm were found from 50 genotypes. They had the corresponding morphology and physiology phenotype related to waterlogging resistance, which included relative root length, relative chlorophyll content and relative MDA content after flood treatment. Several materials with known tolerant features were evaluated by the new method and confirmed the effectiveness of this method.
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