注视视频终端对海军特勤人员视觉功能影响的观察与分析

摘要

目的 了解注视视频终端(VDT)对海军特勤人员的眼表功能影响.方法 经知情同意后,开展问卷调查与常规眼科检查同时,进行角膜荧光染色试验、检测泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、Schirmer Ⅰ试验与TSAS泪膜稳定性测试等泪膜功能检查,以及全自动电脑验光、角膜地形图等角膜屈光状态检查.分析了88名经常注视VDT的健康海军特勤人员的眼表状态、视觉症状及相关因素.结果 视疲劳、干眼症、用眼受限3组症状的发病率分别为77.3％、60.2％、30.7％,3组症状相互间密切相关(P＜0.01).视疲劳、用眼受限与视屏年数呈正相关(P＜0.01),与年龄正相关(P＜0.05).干眼症状与日均视屏时间、视屏年数呈正相关(P＜0.05).泪膜功能检查大多正常,角膜屈光异常的发病率超过50.0％.结论 身体素质良好的海军特勤人员长期注视VDT后,绝大多数人泪膜功能在代偿期,眼表结构未出现器质性改变,但视觉功能受到一定程度的影响,应予以重视与关注.%Objective To identify the effects of video display terminal (VDT) on ocular surface function of special service personnel.Methods With the knowledge and consent of the subjects,corneal fluorescent staining,break-up time of tear film (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test and TSAS tear film stability test were performed together with the questionnaire survey and routine ocular examination.In addition,computer-aided optometry,corneal curvature and corneal topography were also carried out.Ocular surface state,visual symptoms and relevant factors of 88 special service personnel,who frequently focused their eyes on VDT were carefully analyzed.Results The incidences of 3 symptoms,i.e.asthenopia,xerophthalmia and limitation on visual attention were 77.3％,60.2％ and 30.7％ respectively.The 3 symptoms were closely correlated with one another(P ＜ 0.01).Asthenopia and limitation on visual attention were obviously correlated with the years of using VDT(P ＜ 0.01),and also positively related with age (P ＜ 0.05).Positive correlation could also be seen between xerophthalmia and average daily VDT watching and years of using VDT (P ＜ 0.05).Tear film function test was normal in most cases.Incidence rate of corneal refractive anomaly was over 50.0％.Conclusions After prolonged use of VDT,organic pathologic changes might not be noticed in ocular surface structure in most healthy special service personnel during the compensatory stage of the tear film,however,visual performance had been affected to some extent.For this reason,attention should be paid to this problem.