Background Conjunctivochalasis (CCh) is one of the common age-related diseases,and its morbidity rate increases with age.So to investigate the prevalence of CCh and its related factors is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of CCh in China.Objective This survey was to investigate the morbidity rate of CCh in 50 years old or more population in Binhu district of Wuxi city,and to analyze the influence factors of CCh.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in the population aged 50 years or more from June to December in 2010 at Binhu district of Wuxi city by cluster random sampling method.The examinations included questionnaire,height and body weight measurement,and ophthalmologic examinations included visual acuity,refraction,and ophthalmoscope.Eyelid,conjunctiva,cornea status and position of CCh,place of inferior palpebral margin,eyelid edge tension,tear river status,anterior chamber,pupil and lens were examined under the slit lamp microscope.CCh was graded based on the criteria of Li Qingsong.Epi info procedure was used to establish database for the collection of data.Logistic multivariate regression analysis was performed for the analysis of risk factors of CCh using SPSS 17.0 software.Informed consent was obtained from each subject before any medical examination.Results Total 6 150 subjects were examined in 6 722 fifty years old or more persons,with the response rate of 91.50％.CCh was diagnosed in 1 667 eyes of 856 individuals,and the prevalence rate was 13.92％.The prevalence rate of CCh increased with aging(x2 =174.39,P＜0.01).In 1 667 eyes with CCh,987 eyes were grade Ⅰ (59.21％),468 eyes were in grade Ⅱ (28.07％),202 eyes were in grade Ⅲ (12.12％) and 10 eyes were in grade Ⅳ (0.60％).The CCh mainly manifested dry,epiphora and blurred vision,with the occurrences of 22.63％,20.75％ and 15.64％,respectively.Relaxed conjunctivas accumulated at temporal side+nasal side,nasal side or nasal+center+temporal side of the lower eyelid,with the proportion of 43.37％ (723/1667),31.19％ (520/1667) or 14.40％ (240/1667).Superior corneal limbus type CCh was examined in 980 eyes,accounting for 58.79％ of the affected eyes.Normal inferior lid margin tension was seen in 1 378 eyes,accounting for 82.66％ in the affected eye,and the proportion with entroion and introversion type was 11.64％,which was higher than that of extroversion and ectropion type(5.76％).Abnormal tear fiver was found in 87.69％ of CCh eyes,however,tear river was abnormal in all the grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ of CCh eyes.Significant differences were found in gender,educational level,history of hypertension and diabetes and body mass index between CCh patients and non-CCh patients(all at P＜0.05).Conclusions CCh is a kind of common eye diseases among old population The prevalence rate of CCh is low in the population more than 50 years old in Binhu district of Wuxi city.The majority of CCh patients are grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱ stage.The location and tension of inferior eyelid margin may be risk factors of CCh.Gender,culture degree,hypertension history,diabetes history,body mass index are possibly associated factors of CCh.%背景 结膜松弛症(CCh)是常见的年龄相关性眼科疾病之一,随着人口老龄化的到来,CCh的发生也会随之增加.了解人群中CCh的患病率及其相关因素对于中国CCh的防治具有重要意义. 目的 调查无锡市滨湖区≥50岁人群中CCh的患病率,探讨CCh发生的相关影响因素. 方法 采用横断面研究设计,自2010年6 ～12月从无锡市滨湖区以整群随机抽样法抽取了28个调查点,对≥50岁人群进行现场问卷调查,并测量受试者的身高和体质量,眼科检查包括视力、屈光度、检眼镜检查等,并用裂隙灯显微镜检查眼睑、结膜、角膜、结膜松弛部位、下睑缘位置、睑缘张力、泪河、前房、瞳孔、晶状体等,采用李青松等的标准对CCh进行分级和分型,使用Epi info程序建立数据库,采用SPSS 17.0统计学软件进行分析,采用x2检验及Logistic多因素回归分析评价与结膜松弛症相关的影响因素. 结果 本地区符合调查条件者6 722人,实际调查6 150人,应答率为91.50％.其中确诊为CCh的患者856例1 667眼,患病率为13.92％.受检者随着年龄增大,CCh患病率逐渐增高(x2=174.390,P＜0.01).在确诊为CCh的1 667眼中,病变程度为Ⅰ级者987眼,占59.21％,Ⅱ级者468眼,占28.07％,Ⅲ级者202眼,占12.12％,Ⅳ级者10眼,占0.60％.CCh主要症状为干涩、泪溢和视物模糊,其发生率分别为22.63％、20.75％和15.64％.松弛的结膜主要堆积于下眼睑的颞侧+鼻侧、鼻侧和鼻侧+中央+颞侧,分别占43.37％ (723/1 667)、31.19％ (520/1 667)和14.40％ (240/1 667).CCh眼下睑缘位置最多见为角膜缘上型,为980眼,占58.79％.对患眼的下睑缘张力进行分类,发现正常型l 378眼,占82.66％,而内翻型和内倾型者占11.64％,高于外倾型和外翻型的5.76％.CCh眼泪河异常的比例为87.69％,Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级病变者其CCh泪河均异常.CCh患者与非CCh者之间性别、文化程度、高血压史、糖尿病史和体质量指数的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 无锡市滨湖区≥50周岁人群CCh的患病率较低,社区人群中以轻症的Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级多见.下睑缘的位置和张力是CCh患病的主要危险因素,性别、文化程度、高血压、糖尿病病史和体质量指数是CCh发生的可能影响因素.
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