陕西省定边县一起动物鼠疫发生后的监测和处理

摘要

目的 通过对陕西省定边县一起动物鼠疫发生的流行病学调查和疫区处理的结果 分析,探讨新形势下动物鼠疫疫区的处用措施.方法 选择定边县红柳沟镇25 km2范围内为鼠疫流动监测点,进行宿主动物,病原学及血清学监测,划分疫区类别,采取相应的火鼠,火蚤处理,开展鼠疫颅防控制的健康教育,对疫区居民和医务人员进行问卷调查.结果 红柳沟镇平均鼠密度为8.38只/hm2,在疫区内鼠的平均染蚤率为50.4%(56/111),蚤指数为1.81.疫区划分为3类,采取处理措施后达到标准.问卷调查疫区居民50名,防治知识知晓情况的合格率为62.00%(31/50),抽查57名医务人员,防治知识培训效果问卷调查的合格率为92.98%(53/57).结论 鼠疫监测能够及时发现鼠疫疫情,因地制宜采取控制措施,能够有效控制疫情.%Objective To analyze the outcome of the epidemiological investigation on an animal plague in Dingbian County of Shaanxi Province.Methods The region of 25 square kiolmeters(km2)in Hongliugou Town was selected as monitoring point of plague to investigate on host animals,etiology and serology.The epidemic area was classified,deratization and depulization were correspondingly adopted.Health education was carried out for prevention knowledge of plague,and questionnaire survey was conducted among residents and medical staff in the epidemic area.Result The average rat density in monitoring site was 8.38 rats per hectare in Hongliugou Town.Average rate infected with flea and flea index were 50.4%(56/111)and 1.81,respectively.The epidemic area was classified 3 types,and came up to the demand after corresponding measures adopted.In the epidemic area,the pass rate of the prevention and control knowledge were 62.00%(31/50)in residents and 92.98%(53/57) in medical staff.Conclusions Plague epizootic can be discovered by exercising regular monitoring and controlledimmed iately and effectively by taking the appropriate control measures.