不同干预方式对超重、肥胖青少年体重指数和体脂含量的影响

摘要

目的 观察不同干预方式对超重、肥胖青少年体重指数(BMI)和体脂含量的影响,以期得到合理有效的青少年减重方案.方法 选择北京市某初中67名超重、肥胖学生为研究对象,采用随机配伍法随机分为对照组(n=16)、膳食干预组(n=22)和综合干预组(膳食+运动,n=29)3组,观察干预前后BMI和体脂率的变化情况.结果 膳食干预组(P=0.000)和综合干预组(P=0.018)试验后的BMI明显低于试验前,膳食干预组BMI的降低幅度明显大于对照组(P=0.035).膳食干预组(P=0.000,P=0.013)和综合干预组(P=0.000,P=0.000)试验后的躯干和全身体脂率均明显低于试验前,综合于预组躯干和全身体脂率的降低幅度明显大于对照组(P=0.005,P=0.003).结论 膳食和综合干预都可使青少年达到减重效果,综合干预效果更佳.%Objective To observe the effects of different interventions on the body mass index (BMI) and body fat content in overweight and obese adolescents, with an attempt to design reasonable weight relief program.Methods Totally 67 overweight or obese adolescents from a middle school of Beijing were randomly divided into three groups: control group ( n = 16 ), diet intervention group ( n= 22), and combined interventions group ( n =29). The changes of BMI and body fat rate (BFR) were observed. Results BMI significantly decreased after interventions ( diet intervention group: P = 0. 000; combined interventions group: P = 0. 018 ); the change of BMI in diet intervention group was significantly larger than that in control group ( P = 0. 035 ). The trunk and body BFRs also significantly decreased after interventions (diet intervention group: P=0. 000, P = 0. 013; combined interventions group: P = 0. 000, P = 0. 000 ); the changes of trunk and body BFRs were significantly larger in combined interventions group than those in control group ( P = 0.005, P = 0. 003 ). Conclusion Diet intervention and combined interventions are both effective in achieving weight loss in adolescents, and combined interventions have superior effectiveness.