嗜碱性粒细胞活化试验在儿童食物过敏中的诊断价值

摘要

目前儿童食物过敏的诊断程序包括病史、皮肤点刺试验、血清特异性免疫球蛋白E (sIgE)抗体检测、食物激发试验等.其中皮肤点刺试验和sIgE抗体检测为初筛试验,其诊断敏感性高而特异性低;双盲安慰剂对照食物激发试验为诊断的金标准,但可能引发全身过敏反应,临床上应用较少.嗜碱性粒细胞活化试验作为一种体外变应原诊断试验,因其特异性高、安全等因素在儿童食物过敏诊断中有重要价值.此外,嗜碱性粒细胞活化试验还可用于评价儿童食物过敏的严重程度及免疫治疗监测等.%At present,diagnostic programs of food allergy in children mainly include medical history,skin prick test,detection of serum specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) antibody,food challenge test,and so on.Among them,skin prick test and detection of sIgE antibody are used as primary screening tests with high diagnostic sensitivity while low specificity.Additionally,double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge test is the gold standard for the diagnosis,but it is faced with a potential risk of causing systemic allergic reactions,resulting in its rare application in clinic.Moreover,basophil activation test,as an in vitro test for allergen diagnosis,has significant value in diagnosis of food allergy in children due to its high specificity and safety.Besides,basophil activation test can also be used to evaluate the severity of food allergy in children,monitor immune therapy,detect trace allergens,and so on.