基于Heckman模型的支付意愿及强度的影响因素研究——以大理州276个奶牛养殖户为例

摘要

The problem of agricultural non -point source pollution has become one of the hotspots in China,espe-cially the urgent problem of livestock breeding pollution.The research on farmers′willingness and amount to pay for livestock breeding pollution control has a great significance for government formulating relevant policies.This study used the Heckman selection model to analyze the influencing factors of willingness to pay and degree of dairy farm -ers′participation in"cow manure′s cyclic utilization",on basis of 276 dairy farmers′information in Dali prefecture of Yunnan province.The results showed that:(1)62.68 percent of the interviewed dairy farmers showed their willingness to pay and participate in "cow manure′s cyclic utilization";(2)Dairy farmers′degree of education, main source of income,the number of dairy cow,cultivated area and ways to deal with cow mature had significant impacts on the willingness,of which the ways to deal with cow mature,dairy farmers′degree of education,the num-ber of dairy cow and cultivated area had positive impacts,and the main source of income had negative impacts.Be-sides,the influence degree ranked from high to low as:main source of income,ways to deal with cow mature,dairy farmers′degree of education,the number of dairy cow and cultivated area;(3)Age of dairy farmer,degree of edu-cation and ways to deal with cow mature played an important role on the dairy farmer′s amount to pay,of which,age of dairy farmer had a negative impact.Finally, it put forward policy recommendations to promote the large scale processing of cow mature in Erhai basin.%[目的]农业非点源污染尤其是畜禽养殖业污染问题已成为我国亟需解决的环境问题之一.探讨农户参与畜禽养殖污染防控的支付意愿及支付强度,对政府制定相关政策具有指导性意义.[方法]基于大理州276个奶牛养殖户的调查数据,运用Heckman两阶段模型对农户参与洱海流域奶牛废弃物循环利用支付意愿及支付强度的影响因素进行了实证分析.[结果](1)62.68%的奶牛养殖户对参与奶牛废弃物的循环利用具有支付意愿;(2)户主受教育程度、家庭收入主要来源、奶牛养殖头数、耕地数量及牛粪还田方式等因素对奶农支付意愿的影响较为显著.其中,户主受教育程度、奶牛养殖头数、耕地规模及牛粪是否还田对奶农支付意愿的影响呈正相关,家庭收入主要来源呈负相关;而影响程度大小依次为:家庭收入主要来源>牛粪是否还田>户主受教育程度>奶牛养殖头数>耕地规模;(3)户主年龄、受教育程度和牛粪是否还田等因素对奶农的支付强度产生重要影响.其中,户主年龄对奶农支付意愿强度的影响呈负相关,而后两者表现为正相关.[结论]最后,提出了促进洱海流域奶牛废弃物循环利用的政策建议.