新疆和田地区维吾尔族长寿人群血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与行为生活方式的交互作用研究

摘要

目的 探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因插入/缺失(I/D)多态性与行为生活方式对新疆和田地区维吾尔族人群长寿现象的交互作用.方法 选取1992—2014年在新疆和田地区生活的维吾尔族自然长寿老年人(144例,长寿组,年龄≥90岁)及同地区60～80岁没有血缘关系的老年人(144例,对照组)进行问卷调查,并对其进行ACE基因分型,采用Logistic回归分析分析生活方式和ACE基因多态性对和田地区维吾尔族人群长寿的影响,根据交互作用系数(γ)判断二者是否对长寿存在交互作用.结果 经常食用巴旦木(OR=2.096,P=0.002)和核桃(OR=2.026,P=0.003)、运动(OR=1.802,P=0.014)、吸烟(OR=0.426,P=0.003)、ACE基因ID+DD基因型(OR=2.829,P=0.0001)是和田地区维吾尔族人群长寿的影响因素;经常食用巴旦木和核桃、运动、吸烟与ACE基因I/D多态性对和田地区维吾尔族人群长寿存在交互作用(γ=2.564、1.772、2.902、0.621).结论 长寿是环境及遗传因素综合作用的结果.经常食用巴旦木和核桃、运动与ACE基因ID+DD基因型对新疆和田地区维吾尔族人群长寿有正向交互作用,吸烟与之有负向交互作用.%Objective To investigate the interaction between the angioensin-converting enzyme (ACE)gene insertion / deletion (I/ D)polymorphism and the behavioral lifestyle on the longevity phenomenon in Uygur population in Xinjiang′s Hotan Prefecture. Methods From the Uygur people living in Xinjiang′s Hotan Prefecture from 1992 to 2014,we enrolled 144 naturally longevous people aged ≥90 (longevous group)and 144 people aged 60-80 without sibship with the longevous group (control group). We surveyed them with a questionnaire and detected their ACE genotype. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the effect of behavioral lifestyle and ACE gene polymorphism on the longevity phenomenon in these people. The value of interaction coefficient (γ)was used to assess whether there is an interaction between ACE genotype and behavioral lifestyle. Results Frequent intake of almonds (OR = 2. 096,P = 0. 002)and walnuts (OR = 2. 026,P =0. 003),exercising (OR = 1. 802,P = 0. 014),smoking (OR = 0. 426,P = 0. 003)and ID + DD genotype of ACE gene (OR = 2. 829,P = 0. 0001)were associated factors for the longevity phenomenon in Uygur population in Xinjiang′s Hotan Prefecture. The longevity phenomenon in Uygur population in Xinjiang′s Hotan Prefecture was affected by the interaction between frequent intake of almonds and ACE gene polymorphism (γ = 2. 564),interaction between frequent intake of walnuts and ACEgene polymorphism (γ = 1. 772),interaction between exercising and ACE gene polymorphism (γ = 2. 902)and interaction between smoking and ACE gene polymorphism (γ = 0. 621). Conclusion The longevity phenomenon is associated with environmental and genetic factors. The longevity of Uygur population in Xinjiang′s Hotan Prefecture is increased under interactions produced by frequent intake of almonds and walnuts,exercising and ID + DD genotype of ACE gene but it is decreased under interactions between smoking and ID + DD genotype of ACE gene.