江西中部双季晚稻籼粳杂交稻高产品种的筛选

摘要

试验选用20个中熟晚粳和14个迟熟晚粳为材料，以5个当地代表性的杂交籼稻品种为对照（CK），在江西省上高县研究了双季晚稻不同类型水稻品种产量、株型及稻米品质等指标的差异，以为双季稻区适宜品种的选用提供科学依据与技术支撑。试验结果表明，两种类型粳稻产量均极显著高于CK，其中，中熟晚粳增产16.93%，晚熟晚粳增产13.10%；两种类型粳稻品种均能安全成熟，全生育期均显著长于籼稻，对温光资源的利用较充分，粳稻品种在生长中后期株型结构合理，抗倒性强，稻米加工品质较优。综上表明，引种粳稻品种可显著提高江西双季晚稻产量，改善稻米品质。因此，针对江西双季晚稻“合理接茬、安全成熟、轻简化栽培及对遭受自然灾害发生风险更小”的要求，推荐了5个偏早熟的中熟晚粳和3个迟熟晚粳品种，供因地制宜的使用。%The differences of yield, plant type and rice quality of 20 medium-maturing late-japonica varieties and 14 late-maturing late-japonica varieties, were studied in double-cropping rice areas (Shanggao of Jiangxi) compared to 5 representative local indica hybrid rice (CK). The results showed that the yields of medium-maturing late-japonica and late-maturing late-japonica were in-creased by 16.93% and 13.10% compared with indica hybrid rice. All of these two types japonica rice were safety maturity, and the total growth periods were significantly longer than CK. It can make good use of temperature and light, and gain higher grain yields and good rice quality by using japonica rice in Shanggao area. To adapt the stubbles feature of double-cropping rice and heat conditions as well as the requirement of mechanized and simplified cultivation, 5 medium-maturing late-japonica varieties and 3 late-maturing late-japonica varieties were selected in order to provide reference for rice production in sense area.