外周血淋巴细胞放射敏感性检测在预测肿瘤放疗导致的正常组织损伤中的应用

摘要

Patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) might experience a large variation in normal tissues. Severe radiation damage in a minority of patients limits the doses that might be safe given to the majority. The possibility of predicting such radiation-induced damage would provide a better treatment schedule for the patients. Several predictive tests in peripheral blood lymphocytes such as initial DNA damage, radiation-induced apoptosis and genetic variation have been proposed to know the individual sensitivity of patients to the radiotherapy schedules. This study aimed to summarize the main studies regarding to this ifeld.%正常组织的放射损伤存在个体差异，对于放射敏感性高的患者，标准剂量的放疗便可能引起严重的放射损伤，而对于正常组织耐受性较好的患者，还有提高放疗剂量的空间，如果能提高对这部分患者的放疗剂量，则可以进一步提高肿瘤控制率。因此，如何在治疗前用简便、准确的方法预测正常组织放射敏感性以及放疗出现的放射损伤风险实现个体化放疗有着重要的临床意义。通过检测射线导致的淋巴细胞中DNA或染色体损伤程度、凋亡情况、遗传变异来分析放射敏感性以及正常组织放射损伤有其自身的优势。现就外周血淋巴细胞放射敏感性检测在预测肿瘤放疗导致的正常组织损伤中的研究进展作一综述。