临床精神科护士护理不良事件认知现状的调查分析与对策

摘要

Objective To explore the cognition of nursing adverse events of clinical nurses in psychiatric department.Methods A total of 148 nursing adverse events found from 1389 self-examination reported by nursing system in the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang City from July 2009 to July 2012 were analyzed.The 148 nursing adverse events were classified according to the causes and occurrence time.At the same time,general situation investigation was carried out among patients and nursing staffs related to the adverse events,including patients' age,sex,course of disease,frequency of hospitalization,disease,medication and other factors and the nursing age,education,job title and other factors of the primary nurse,then the correlation between the factors and adverse events were analyzed.Results Among 148 nursing adverse events,mainly including fall,absence without leave or lost,nurse-patient disputes,aggressive behavior and so on,a total of 87 adverse events occurred from Monday to Friday,a total of 61 adverse events occurred in Saturday and Sunday,41.2％ of the nursing adverse events occurred in the weekend.The ratio of nursing adverse events in patients aged 30 (12.99％),male (12.99％),less than 5 years duration (17.87％),schizophrenia (23.20％),drug combination (9.09％) were higher (P ＜ 0.05),while,times of hospitalization had no influence on the occurrence of adverse events (P ＞ 0.05).The ratio of nursing adverse events in nurses with different nursing ages,titles,education background were compared,the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Effective measures should be taken to reduce the adverse events,so as to ensure the safety of the care.%目的 调查临床精神科护士护理不良事件认知现状.方法 对2009年7月～2012年7月富阳市第三人民医院护理系统上报的1389次自查中发现的各类护理不良事件共148人次进行分析,将148起护理不良事件按照发生原因及发生时间进行分类；同时,对不良事件相关的患者及护理人员人做一般情况调查,包括患者的年龄、性别、病程、住院次数、病种、用药等因素及责任护士的护龄、学历、职称等因素,分析其与不良事件发生的相关性.结果 148起护理不良事件主要包括跌倒、不假外出或走失、护患纠纷、攻击行为等,其中,周一至周五共发生87起,周六、周日共发生61起,即有41.2％的护理不良事件发生在周六、周日.30岁以下(12.99％)、男性(12.99％)、病程少于5年(17.87％)、有精神分裂症(23.20％)、联合用药(9.09％)患者的护理不良事件发生率较高(P＜0.05),而住院次数对不良事件的发生率无影响(P＞0.05).不同护龄、职称、学历护士之间比较,护理不良事件发生率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 应采取有效措施减少护理不良事件,从而保证护理安全.