An envelope order spectrum based on multi-scale chirplet and sparse signal decomposition was proposed and applied to the fault diagnosis of gearboxes with rotating speed fluctuation. In the proposed method, the instantaneous frequency of gearbox meshing component was obtained by sparse signal decomposition based on multi-scale chirplet, and then the rotating speed signal can be got by software method without tachometer. After the vibration signals of a gearbox were analyzed by envelopment analysis, the even angle resampling on the envelope signals of the gearbox was carried out and the envelope order spectrum can be obtained, which can be used in the fault diagnosis of the gearbox. A simulation example and an example of its application have proved the effectiveness of the method.%提出了基于线调频基稀疏信号分解的包络阶次谱方法,并将其应用于变速齿轮箱故障诊断之中.采用基于多尺度线调频基的稀疏信号分解得到齿轮箱啮合分量的瞬时频率,由此得到转速信号,并据此对齿轮振动加速度信号的包络信号进行等角度重采样,然后对重采样信号进行频谱分析,得到包络阶次谱,从而进行齿轮故障诊断.该方法无须使用转速计拾取转速信号,用软件方法实现了包络阶次分析,仿真算例与应用实例说明了该方法的有效性.
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