基于加权相对灵敏度的驾驶室结构轻量化

摘要

建立了某卡车驾驶室结构有限元模型，通过实验与数值模态分析的对比验证了模型的准确性.对驾驶室构件直接进行灵敏度分析，通过层次分析法确定约束响应的权重系数，并考虑约束响应可变裕度.在此基础上提出加权相对灵敏度概念并据此确定设计变量及其优化方向.在保证驾驶室主要静动态性能不降低的前提下，优化驾驶室部分构件厚度.优化后的驾驶室质量比优化前减小了8．7％，主要静动态性能均有不同程度的提高，车内低频噪声略有升高.%A credible structure FE model of a cab was built and the model was verified by tests. The sensitivity of the cab components was calculated directly and the weight coefficients of constraint responses were determined through the analytic hierarchy process with consideration to variable mar-gins of the constraint responses.Then a concept of weighted relative sensitivity was put forward and i-dentified the design variables and its optimization directions according to the concept.The thicknesses of cab components were optimized on the promise of no reduction on the main static and dynamic per-formance of the cab.The objective is realized with the total mass of the cab is reduced by 8.7%,while the main static and dynamic performances are somewhat raised and the overall low-frequency noise levels rise lightly.