Boron:A key functional component for designing high-performance heterogeneous catalysts

摘要

Heterogeneous catalysis is a vivid branch of traditional catalysis field,with the advantage of high efficiency and being easily separated from reactants and products after reaction,and have received widespread attentions in large-scale industrial production,especially in the field of energy utilization.Boron has been found to be a key functional component for designing high-performance heterogeneous catalysts.In this review,we cover and categorize the past and recent progress in boron-containing materials and their applications in heterogeneous catalysis particularly in energy-related fields.The fundamental roles of boron components in the emerging heterogeneous catalysis of construction,regulation and stabilization of active phases/sites are highlighted,with the emphasis on how they regulating structural and electronic properties of host materials.We then categorize boron-containing catalysts into six kinds mainly including intermetallic boride catalysts,metal boride-derived catalysts,boron-doped catalysts,metal boride-decorated catalysts,boron-containing compounds as catalyst supports,and singleboron-site catalysts,as well as try to establish structure-catalytic activity relationship.The catalytic applications of these six boron-containing catalysts are discussed separately,focusing on the energy-related reactions such as hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),oxygen evolution reaction(OER),oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)and nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).Finally,the opportunities and challenges related to boron-containing compounds in the field of catalysis are prospected.