发芽玉米对荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃发酵、产奶性能及乳品质的影响

摘要

试验旨在研究发芽玉米对荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃发酵、血液成分、产奶性能及乳品质的影响.选取胎次、分娩日龄、产奶量相近的荷斯坦泌乳奶牛15头,试验分为3组,每组5头.对照组饲喂基础日粮(TMR和苜蓿干草),T1、T2组分别在基础日粮中添加20％发芽玉米和20％发酵发芽玉米.结果表明,添加发芽玉米及发酵发芽玉米均能降低瘤胃pH的变化幅度,提高挥发性脂肪酸和氨态氮浓度,但差异均不显著(P＞0.05)；与对照组相比,T1、T2组4％乳脂校正乳极显著提高(P＜0.01),并可显著提高T2组的饲料效率(P＜0.05),显著降低乳中体细胞数(P＜0.05)；T1、T2组具有降低乳中胆固醇含量的趋势,并对血液成分无显著影响.因此,饲料中添加发芽玉米可改善瘤胃内环境,显著提高产奶量与饲料效率,显著降低乳中体细胞数,且乳中胆固醇含量有降低的趋势.%The purpose of this paper was to study the effects of the different levels of germination corn on rumen fermentation parameters, blood components, production and quality of milk in Holstein dairy cows. 15 lactating Holstein cows were selected as the experimental animals and were randomly divided into 3 groups. Each group had five dairy cows. The control group was fed the basal diet(TMR+alfalfa hay). T1, T2 groups were fed with 20% germination corn and 20% fermented germination corn in the basal diet. The results showed that the supplement of germination corn and fermented germination corn could increase the concentration of VFA and NH3-N in rumen,and decrease pH in the rumen(P>0. 05). The 4% fat corrected milk of Tl and T2 groups were significant higher compared with the control (P<0. 01) ,the feed efficiency of the T2 group was significantly improved and reduced somatic cell counts compared with the control (P<0. 05). Tl, T2 groups could decrease content of cholesterol of milk,and had no obvious affect in blood components. In conclusions,the supplementation of germination corn and fermented germination corn could improve rumen fermentation parameters,milk performance,feed efficiency and signicantly decrease somatic cell counts, and content of cholesterol of milk had a decreasing trend.