基于人员在室可能性的住宅热环境及能耗分析研究

摘要

因年龄、生活习惯和工作性质等的不同,居住建筑中不同成员的逐时在室可能性存在较大区别,使得不同类型人群对同一建筑具有不同的室内热环境感受,进而导致不同的采暖空调行为及能耗.本文对长沙地区3类不同人群的逐时在室可能性进行了调查分析,引入人员在室可能性系数,对现有的建筑室内长期热环境和能耗指标进行了修正,进而以长沙地区典型住宅为例,对4种典型结构家庭的住宅室内热环境和能耗进行了模拟计算和对比分析.结果表明,不同类型人群的在室可能性在白天存在较大差异,人员在室可能性越高,室内热环境舒适性的重要程度愈加明显,采暖空调能耗亦越大,针对不同家庭人员结构的住宅,其被动式节能设计策略应有所侧重.本文的研究结果可为居住建筑节能设计提供参考.%Occupancy of different family members in residential building is quite different because of discrepancies in age,living habit and nature of work,so that different kinds of people have different indoor thermal comfort feeling in the same building,resulting in diverse air conditioning (AC) activity and energy consumption.This paper launched the survey and analysis regarding hourly occupancy of three different kinds of people in Changsha,amending the existing indoor long-term thermal environment and energy consumption indicators with the indoor occupancy coefficient.On the basis of the study,indoor thermal environment and energy consumption in a typical residential building for four kinds of typical family structures in Changsha were simulated and comparatively analyzed.The result revealed that occupancy of different kinds of people was significantly different during the day.Besides,the higher the occupancy,the more obvious of the importance of indoor thermal comfort and the higher of the energy consumption.Therefore,we should make special emphasis on the passive design strategy of buildings for different family structures.The research result of this article can shed some light on the design of energy efficiency of residential building.