家庭背景对不同学历层次医学生职业选择的影响

摘要

目的 探讨家庭经济状况以及父辈受教育程度等对不同层次医学生职业选择的影响.方法 参照相关文献设计调查表,对正在进行临床实习的护理系专科生(A组)、临床医学本科生(B组)和硕士研究生(C组)进行现场调查,总结不同组的基本情况,如性别、民族、生源地、父母文化程度、父母职业、家庭人均月收入、选择学医的原因及具体动机、是否喜欢学医、目前是否后悔当初选择学医、是否打算继续深造等,使用SPSS17.0软件进行单因素和多因素统计分析.结果 不同组间性别比例差异较大,可能与专业性质等有关,各组间民族分布、生源地、家庭人均月收入无显著性差异;不同组间父母受教育程度,从事职业均有显著性差异;随着学历层次的提高,更多学生重视学医的社会地位及有成就感,但是选择继续深造的反而有所减少;家庭收入低的医学生学医的原因更多出自于个人选择,而家庭收入高的同学更多是来自于家人或亲戚朋友的建议.结论 家庭背景对不同学历层次医学生的职业选择有较为明显的影响.%Objective To investigate the effects of family backgrounds including family economic status, parents educational background, et al. , on career selection by medical students who pursue different levels of higher education. Methods We created a questionnaire form and distributed it among students who were performing clinical internship. These students were classified into three groups. Group A students study toward an associate degree in Nursing, group B students a bachelor s degree in Clinical Medicine, whereas group C students a master s degree in Clinical Medicine. Students were asked to report their sexes, nationalities, ages, hometowns, parents educational background, parents professions, per capita income of their families, reasons and motives for their decision to study medicine, whether they enjoy studying medicine, whether they regret over their decision to study medicine, whether they plan to study medicine at higher level in the future. All answers were documented and results were analyzed by using the SPSS17. 0 software. Results There was significant difference in sex ratio among different groups, but no significant differences in distribution of nationality, hometown and family income. Parents levels of education received and professions were also significantly different among different groups. Additionally, the result further showed that, the higher level of education a student was pursuing, the more highly he/she valued the social status and personal fulfillment that medical professions could bring about, on the other hand, however, the less likely he/she would choose to further study at higher level. Finally, students from low income families were more likely to have made the decision to study medicine on their own, whereas students from high income families were more likely to have accepted suggestions from family members, relatives and friends. Conclusion Family background affects career selection by medical students who pursue different levels of higher education.