富营养化湖泊治理研究综述

摘要

Eutrophication are lakes gradually from a low level of productivity oligotrophic eutrophic state to a high state. Controlling nutrient input is the key governance lake.But for the reduction of exogenous pollut-ants,is to control phosphorus or nitrogen control has been controversial. Some people believe control phos-phorus emissions is critical,because phosphorus is the main limiting algae growth factor;other people be-lieve that control nitrogen emissions is critical,because nitrogen is the limiting factor for the growth of al-gae.In our lake ecosystem,the content of nitrogen and phosphorus has a significant features - temporal and spatial heterogeneity. Algae growth process,limiting factors may vary with the seasons. Therefore,the pro-posed lake management is necessary to control the emission of phosphorus also control nitrogen emissions. Meanwhile,we should strengthen the exogenous and endogenous pollution control.%湖泊富营养化是指湖泊生产力水平逐步由较低的贫营养状态向较高的富营养状态转变的现象。控制营养盐输入是湖泊治理的关键，但对于削减外源污染物，是控磷还是控氮，学术界一直存在争议。一是认为磷是藻类生长的主要限制因子，只需控磷。二是认为氮也是藻类主要生长限制因子，必须控氮。针对我国湖泊生态系统中氮磷含量具有显著的时空异质性特点，藻类生长过程中的限制因子可能随季节发生变化，因此建议富营养化湖泊治理在控磷的同时也要控氮，并且要加强外源和内源污染控制。