膜下滴灌棉花叶温变化规律及其与气象因素关系的研究

摘要

Through the measurements of the leaf temperature and soil water content for each row in the cotton exper-iment field by drip irrigation under film of the 148 Regiment,Shihezi City,Xinjiang,and collection of the cotton devel-oping situation for each row and local meteorological data,utilization of the fitting function of the Origin 7 .5,the rela-tionships between the cotton leaf temperature with local climate data,the leaf temperature and soil water content with the cotton growing and developing situation have been analyzed in order to discuss how to increase the cotton yield under this planting pattern .The research results showed that:The relativity of cotton leaf temperature with air temperature,the se-quence from high to low in turn are air temperature,difference of air saturated vapor pressure,relative humidity,sun-shine hours,and wind velocity .Among them,the correlation coefficient between cotton leaf temperature with air temper-ature was 0.91327,this fitting equation can be used to forecast the cotton leaf temperature.In addition,the cotton leaf temperature will be decreased with the soil moisture .increasing .Under the planting pattern in this research as“One film with two pipes,one pipe with three rows”and“66+10”,the cotton row with lower leaf temperature would be a better growing and developing situation,also obtained higher yield .Therefore,suggested that at the middle two rows of cotton should be moved close to the drip pipe,so as to increase the cotton yield under this planting pattern in the research .%通过对新疆石河子市148团膜下滴灌棉花灌区实验地各行棉花叶片温度及土壤含水率的测定、各行棉花发育情况的调查和当地气象资料的收集，利用Origin7．5的函数拟合功能，分析了棉花叶温与当地气象资料的关系。并且分析了棉花叶温与土壤含水率和棉花生长发育情况的关系，以便讨论在本研究种植模式下如何提高棉花产量。结果表明：棉花叶温与气象因素的相关性从高到低排列顺序依次为气温、空气饱和水汽压差、空气相对湿度、日照时数、风速。其中，棉花叶温与气温的相关系数为0．91327，其拟合方程可以用来预测棉花叶片温度。另外，棉花叶片的温度会随土壤含水率的增高而降低，在本研究“一膜两管，一管三行”，“66＋10”的种植模式下，棉花叶片温度较低的那行生长发育情况较好，且产量也较高。建议在本研究种植模式下将中行棉花适当向滴灌管附近移动，以此来提高棉花产量。