功能化磁性纳米粒子在乳状液制备及破乳中的应用及作用机制

摘要

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have attracted great attention because of their unique physiochemical properties in emulsion preparation and demulsification. This paper summarizes the synthesis, structure, and significant properties of functional magnetic nanoparticles. The application of MNPs in emulsion preparation and demulsification is also reviewed. The processes through which MNPs disperse well in liquid and stably absorb on the oil-water interface leading to the formation of films are emphatically analyzed. More importantly, their magnetic response contributed to the change in interface properties, deformation, and migration of magnetically responsive droplets in the emulsion issummarized. Then, we summarize the effects of surface properties and behaviors of MNPs on emulsion stabilization or demulsification. This study provides a theoretical support for further applications of emulsions. Finally, we propose the crucial issues to be addressed in studying the application and effect of functional magnetic nanoparticles.%功能化磁性纳米粒子因其独特的理化性质,在乳状液制备与破乳领域的应用受到广泛关注.本文归纳了功能化磁性纳米粒子的制备方法、合成结构与特征性质,阐述了其在乳状液制备及破乳中的应用过程,重点分析了磁性纳米粒子在溶液中良好分散、稳定吸附于油水界面排布为膜结构的作用行为,尤其是磁性纳米粒子的磁响应特征对乳状液中界面性质、液滴形貌及运动状态的影响,并进一步总结出其表面性质及作用行为对稳定乳状液或使乳状液破乳的规律.针对磁性纳米粒子对乳状液稳定性影响规律的探究可为其在应用领域提供理论支持.最后本文就功能化磁性纳米粒子研究中亟待解决的新问题作出展望.