西沙-中沙海域春季鸢乌贼资源与海洋环境的关系

摘要

根据2006-2010年春季(3-5月)大型罩网渔船的生产监测数据,运用广义线性模型(Generalized Linear Model,GLM)对鸢乌贼单位捕捞努力量渔获量(Catch Per Unit Effort,CPUE)进行标准化,同时结合卫星遥感数据(海表温度、叶绿素a浓度及海面风场)对西沙—中沙海域春季鸢乌贼资源量变化和海洋环境的关系进行统计分析.结果表明,春季鸢乌贼资源在海表温度(Sea Surface Temperature,SST) 25～ 28.5℃C、叶绿素a浓度(chlorophyllaconcentration,Chl a)0.1～0.16 mg/m3时随着水温的升高和叶绿素a浓度的降低而增大,资源量最高的SST范围为27～ 28.5℃、Chla范围为0.1～0.13 mg/m3.西沙—中沙海域春季Chla峰值出现在3月份,该时期为鸢乌贼的繁殖高峰期.鸢乌贼的资源量在5月份达到峰值,其对Chl a的响应时间延迟约2个月.此外,2008年春季鸢乌贼资源量波动较大,与2007-2008年的拉尼娜事件引起的气候异常有关.研究结果对于了解西沙—中沙海域鸢乌贼资源变动规律、指导鸢乌贼资源科学生产、开发南海外海渔业资源等具有重要意义.%Variations of Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis resource was studied in Xisha-Zhongsha waters in spring (March to May) during 2006-2010,using standardize catch per unit effort (CPUE) based on Generalized Linear Models (GLM).The relationship between Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis abundance and environmental factors,including satellite remote sensing sea surface wind (SSW),sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll a concentration (Chl a) were analyzed.Results showed that Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis resource increased as while as SST raised in the range of 25-28.5 ℃ and Chl a decreased in the range of 0.1-0.16 mg/m3.The maximum CPUE of Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis appeared when SST varied in the range of 27-28.5 ℃ and Chl a changed between 0.1-0.13 mg/m3.The peak value of Chl a in Xisha-Zhongsha waters appeared in March,which was one of the breeding months of Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis.The peak value of the Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis resource appeared in May.Response of Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis to Chl a delayed for about two months.In addition,resource abundance of Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis in spring of 2008 fluctuated in wider range,partly connected with climate change induced by La Ni(n)a in 2007-2008.Results of this study were meaningful to understand variations of Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis,to guide for scientifically fishing,and to develop fishery resources in deep sea in Xisha-Zhongsha waters,South China Sea.