In order to study the effects of crop rotation patterns on soil microbes and enzyme activities, "broccoli-free" rotation was used as control, and "broccoli-pumpkin", 1 a rotation of "broccoli-early rice" and 2 a rotation of "broccoli-early rice" were selected.Microorganism and enzyme activity of soil were tested before broccoli planting and after harvest.Before broccoli planting, the quantity of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were the highest in"broccoli-pumpkin" rotation soil.After broccoli harvest, the quantity of bacteria and fungi was the highest in 2 a rotation of "broccoli-early rice" soil, while the quantify of actinomycetes was the highest in 1 a "broccoli-early rice" rotation soil.Before broccoli planting, soil microbial biomass nitrogen was the highest in 1 a rotation of "broccoli-early rice".After broccoli harvest, soil microbial biomass nitrogen and carbon were the highest in 2 a rotation of "broccoli-early rice" soil.Before broccoli planting, soil urease activity was the highest in 2 a rotation of "broccoli-early rice" rotation.After broccoli harvest, soil urease and sucrase activity were both the highest in 2 a rotation of "broccoli-early rice"soil.In conclusion, compared with the other 3 rotation modes, 2 a rotation of "broccoli-early rice" could effectively improve soil microbial environment and promote soil enzyme activity in broccoli cultivation land.%以"西兰花-空闲"轮作为对照,研究西兰花种植前和收获期,"西兰花-南瓜"轮作、"西兰花-早稻"轮作1 a和"西兰花-早稻"轮作2 a对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响.西兰花种植前,"西兰花-南瓜"轮作土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌数量最多;西兰花收获期,"西兰花-早稻"轮作2 a土壤细菌和真菌数量最多,"西兰花-早稻"轮作1 a土壤放线菌数量最多.西兰花种植前,"西兰花-早稻"轮作1 a土壤微生物生物量氮最高;西兰花收获期,"西兰花-早稻"轮作2 a土壤微生物生物量碳和土壤微生物生物量氮均最高.西兰花种植前,"西兰花-早稻"轮作2 a土壤脲酶活性最高;西兰花收获期,"西兰花-早稻"轮作2 a土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性均最高.上述结果表明,与其余3种轮作模式相比,"西兰花-早稻"轮作2 a可更有效地改善西兰花耕作土壤微生物环境,提高土壤酶活性.
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