生物炭固定化缓控释肥对烤烟生长发育及品质的影响

摘要

In order to achieve the goal of enhancing fertilizer utilization rate , reducing fertilizer application rate , decreasing fer-tilization links, and improving the quality of tobacco leaves , the author studied the influences of biochar -immobilized slow-release fertilizer application on the growth , development and quality of flue -cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87.The results showed that the agronomic indexes and total dry matter accumulation of Yunyan 87 in the treatment of biochar -immobilized slow-release fertilizer were lower than those in the control (CK), and there was significant difference between the treatment T 1 and CK, while the differ-ence between the treatment T 2 and CK was not significant .Treatment T2 could effectively increase the dry matter weight of root sys-tem.T2 treatment significantly improved the content of petroleum ether extracts in tobacco leaves , and increased the contents of ca-rotenoids degradation products , cembranoids degradation products and neophytadiene , as well as the total content of aroma sub-stances in baked tobacco leaves .The baked tobacco leaves in treatment T 2 had more coordinated chemical compositions .So treat-ment T2 ( applying biochar -immobilized slow -release fertilizer ) could not only reduce fertilizer application rate and fertilization links, but also effectively promote the growth of tobacco plants and improve the inner quality of tobacco leaves .%为了实现提高肥料利用率，减少施肥量，减少施肥环节及改善烟叶质量的目标，以云烟87为材料，研究了生物炭固定化缓控释肥对烤烟生长发育及品质的影响；结果表明，生物炭缓控释肥处理的农艺指标和干物质积累总量低于对照，与T1差异显著，与T2差异不显著；T2处理能有效增加根系干物质重，T2处理显著提高了烟叶中石油醚提取物的含量，提高了烤后烟叶中类胡萝卜素降解产物、西柏烷类降解产物、新植二烯及致香物质总量，并且其烤后烟叶中化学成分的协调性较好。由此说明施用生物炭缓控释肥处理T2既能达到减少施肥量、施肥环节的目的，又能有效地促进烟株生长发育，改善烟叶内在质量。